Exp. Sam Parnia Answers Questions About NDE, Proof Of Hereafter, He Says NDE Are NOT HALLUCINATIONS

Dr. Sam Parnia discusses his extensive thirty-year scientific research into what happens to human consciousness during and after cardiac arrest. He explains that near-death experiences, which he prefers to call recalled experiences of death, are not hallucinations or tricks of a dying brain, but rather a structured, universal transition into a heightened state of awareness.

During this transition, individuals experience a profound expansion of consciousness, 360-degree perception, and a highly detailed life review. This review is not a simple chronological movie but a deep moral and ethical self-evaluation where people relive their actions from the perspective of those they interacted with, highlighting the ultimate importance of empathy and human conduct.

Dr. Parnia also addresses common biological counterarguments, explaining how the brain undergoes a process of disinhibition rather than simple degeneration in death. He compares these experiences to drug-induced hallucinations and dreams, presenting data-driven evidence that proves recalled experiences of death are entirely unique phenomena.

Key takeaways

• Recalled experiences of death are highly structured, universal phenomena rather than random hallucinations or illusions.
• During death, the brain undergoes disinhibition, removing cognitive braking systems and allowing consciousness to expand vastly.
• The life review process involves reliving actions from the emotional perspective of others, serving as a profound moral self-evaluation.
• Scientific evidence suggests the brain acts more as a modulator of consciousness rather than its primary producer.
• Natural language processing models can distinguish recalled experiences of death from dreams and drug-induced hallucinations with 98 percent accuracy.

Highlights

• 2:13 — The expansion of consciousness during cardiac arrest
• 5:10 — How the life review process actually works
• 16:13 — The brain's disinhibition and survival mechanisms in death
• 23:40 — Dr. Parnia's personal takeaways from ICU frontlines
• 30:37 — A remarkable story of life review and empathy
• 39:50 — Distinguishing death experiences from psychedelic trips

00:00:00 The History of Near-Death Experience Research
00:02:13 What Happens to Consciousness During Death
00:05:10 The Deep Reality of Life Reviews
00:09:06 Debunking Hallucination and Hypoxia Theories
00:16:13 The Brain's Disinhibition Process in Death
00:23:40 Personal Lessons From Studying Mortality
00:28:51 Audience Questions on the Afterlife Source
00:34:16 Is Consciousness Produced by the Brain
00:39:50 Comparing Death Experiences and Psychedelic Trips

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happening<00:03:49.504> to<00:03:49.849> them,<00:03:50.194> but<00:03:50.539> it's<00:03:50.884> not<00:03:51.229> in<00:03:51.574> the<00:03:51.919> way<00:03:52.264> that<00:03:52.609> we<00:03:52.954> see<00:03:53.299> things,<00:03:53.644> like,<00:03:53.989> 'Oh,<00:03:54.334> this<00:03:54.679> is<00:03:55.024> how<00:03:55.369> I'm<00:03:55.714> looking<00:03:56.059> directly.'<00:03:56.404> They<00:03:56.749> describe<00:03:57.094> 360-degree<00:03:57.439> vision

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so<00:03:57.959> they<00:03:58.040> can<00:03:58.239> see<00:03:58.480> and<00:03:59.000> understand<00:03:59.280> everything.<00:03:59.799> It's<00:04:00.000> almost<00:04:00.319> like<00:04:00.560> their<00:04:00.760> thoughts<00:04:01.079> are<00:04:01.280> like<00:04:01.400> a<00:04:01.879> flux,<00:04:02.879> and<00:04:03.000> it's<00:04:03.280> penetrating.<00:04:03.879> It's<00:04:04.000> a<00:04:04.120> bit<00:04:04.280> like<00:04:04.400> I<00:04:04.560> analogize<00:04:05.079> it

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to<00:04:05.439> like<00:04:05.599> electromagnetic<00:04:06.480> waves<00:04:07.280> that<00:04:07.400> is<00:04:07.680> able<00:04:07.920> to<00:04:08.159> penetrate<00:04:08.640> and<00:04:08.760> is<00:04:08.920> gaining<00:04:09.280> information<00:04:09.879> that<00:04:10.079> way<00:04:10.599> and<00:04:10.760> is<00:04:11.159> released.<00:04:12.159> What<00:04:12.360> they<00:04:12.560> then<00:04:12.760> talk<00:04:13.040> about,<00:04:13.400> which

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is<00:04:13.922> absolutely<00:04:14.326> fascinating.<00:04:14.729> So,<00:04:15.132> again,<00:04:15.536> 360-degree<00:04:15.939> vision,<00:04:16.342> and<00:04:16.746> then<00:04:17.149> what<00:04:17.552> I<00:04:17.956> find<00:04:18.359> absolutely

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remarkable<00:04:22.079> is<00:04:22.600> the<00:04:22.800> ability<00:04:23.479> to<00:04:24.560> recall<00:04:25.560> everything<00:04:26.120> that<00:04:26.280> they<00:04:26.440> have<00:04:26.600> done<00:04:26.840> in<00:04:27.000> their<00:04:27.280> entire<00:04:28.199> life.<00:04:29.199> So,

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so,<00:04:29.560> well,<00:04:29.720> with<00:04:29.840> all<00:04:30.000> respect<00:04:30.240> to<00:04:30.440> you<00:04:30.680> and<00:04:30.840> and<00:04:30.960> our<00:04:31.080> audience<00:04:31.440> members<00:04:31.759> here,<00:04:31.960> I<00:04:32.080> hope<00:04:32.199> I<00:04:32.320> don't<00:04:32.479> offend<00:04:32.800> anyone.<00:04:33.639> If<00:04:33.759> I<00:04:33.880> were<00:04:34.039> to<00:04:34.240> ask<00:04:34.560> anyone<00:04:34.880> to<00:04:35.080> recall<00:04:35.440> their<00:04:35.680> entire

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life,<00:04:37.720> they<00:04:37.880> would<00:04:38.039> struggle.<00:04:38.560> Maybe<00:04:38.800> an<00:04:39.000> hour,<00:04:39.600> 45<00:04:40.080> minutes<00:04:40.360> would<00:04:40.520> be<00:04:40.880> done.<00:04:41.880> But<00:04:42.160> yet,<00:04:42.600> how<00:04:42.840> is<00:04:42.960> it<00:04:43.199> that<00:04:43.360> in<00:04:43.639> death<00:04:44.240> somebody<00:04:44.560> is<00:04:44.759> able

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to<00:04:45.341> recall<00:04:45.682> every<00:04:46.023> minute<00:04:46.363> detail<00:04:46.704> is<00:04:47.045> being<00:04:47.386> processed?<00:04:47.727> So,<00:04:48.068> millions<00:04:48.409> of<00:04:48.750> pieces<00:04:49.090> of<00:04:49.431> data<00:04:49.772> are—that's<00:04:50.113> how<00:04:50.454> they<00:04:50.795> describe<00:04:51.136> it—are<00:04:51.477> being<00:04:51.817> processed,<00:04:52.158> and<00:04:52.499> that<00:04:52.840> includes

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they<00:04:53.680> describe<00:04:54.240> experiencing<00:04:55.120> and<00:04:55.280> reliving<00:04:55.919> all<00:04:56.120> their<00:04:56.919> intentions,<00:04:57.919> their<00:04:58.199> thoughts,<00:04:58.759> their<00:04:58.960> emotional<00:04:59.400> state,<00:05:00.400> and<00:05:00.560> the<00:05:00.720> situations<00:05:01.360> they<00:05:01.520> found

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themselves.<00:05:02.283> Wait,<00:05:02.646> you're<00:05:03.010> saying<00:05:03.374> all—I<00:05:03.737> mean,<00:05:04.101> that's<00:05:04.464> that,<00:05:04.828> you<00:05:05.192> know,<00:05:05.555> if<00:05:05.919> someone's<00:05:06.283> lived<00:05:06.646> 80<00:05:07.010> years,<00:05:07.374> I<00:05:07.737> mean,<00:05:08.101> every<00:05:08.464> moment<00:05:08.828> of<00:05:09.192> the<00:05:09.555> 80<00:05:09.919> years?

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Right.<00:05:10.951> Well,<00:05:11.262> that's—that's<00:05:11.574> exactly.<00:05:11.886> They<00:05:12.198> say<00:05:12.509> that<00:05:12.821> they're<00:05:13.133> able<00:05:13.444> to<00:05:13.756> relive<00:05:14.068> and<00:05:14.380> re-experience<00:05:14.691> all<00:05:15.003> of<00:05:15.315> it<00:05:15.626> in<00:05:15.938> an<00:05:16.250> instant.<00:05:16.561> So,<00:05:16.873> that's<00:05:17.185> what<00:05:17.497> I'm<00:05:17.808> saying<00:05:18.120> is,

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you<00:05:18.319> know,<00:05:18.440> the<00:05:18.560> way<00:05:18.759> people<00:05:19.039> talk<00:05:19.199> about<00:05:19.400> near-death<00:05:19.840> experiences,<00:05:20.360> it<00:05:20.479> really<00:05:20.639> does<00:05:20.800> a<00:05:21.000> disservice,<00:05:21.639> like,<00:05:21.880> 'Oh,<00:05:22.120> it's<00:05:22.280> like<00:05:22.960> your<00:05:23.199> life<00:05:23.400> just<00:05:23.680> flashes<00:05:24.160> past<00:05:24.360> you<00:05:24.520> like

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some<00:05:24.720> sort<00:05:24.880> of<00:05:24.960> movie.'<00:05:25.199> It's<00:05:25.319> not<00:05:25.520> like<00:05:25.680> that<00:05:25.840> at<00:05:25.919> all.<00:05:26.600> It's<00:05:26.759> your<00:05:27.039> entire<00:05:27.479> life<00:05:27.639> is<00:05:27.800> being<00:05:28.080> relived<00:05:28.720> and<00:05:28.919> re-experienced<00:05:29.960> as<00:05:30.080> if<00:05:30.199> you're<00:05:30.479> there<00:05:30.759> again.<00:05:31.639> But<00:05:31.800> what's<00:05:32.639> fascinating

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is<00:05:33.800> that<00:05:33.960> they<00:05:34.080> are<00:05:34.800> not<00:05:35.800> reliving<00:05:36.360> it<00:05:36.560> in<00:05:36.680> a<00:05:36.880> chronological<00:05:37.639> way<00:05:37.800> that<00:05:37.919> you<00:05:38.039> and<00:05:38.160> I<00:05:38.280> might<00:05:38.440> think,<00:05:38.639> like<00:05:38.800> a<00:05:38.919> movie,<00:05:39.280> like,<00:05:39.440> 'Oh,<00:05:39.639> that<00:05:39.759> was<00:05:39.919> that<00:05:40.080> evening<00:05:40.400> 10<00:05:40.639> years<00:05:40.840> ago<00:05:41.120> when

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you<00:05:41.319> and<00:05:41.440> I<00:05:41.560> were<00:05:41.720> chatting<00:05:42.520> at<00:05:42.639> the<00:05:42.720> New<00:05:42.840> York<00:05:43.000> Academy<00:05:43.319> of<00:05:43.440> Sciences,<00:05:44.120> and<00:05:44.280> you<00:05:44.400> know,<00:05:44.680> we<00:05:44.800> did<00:05:45.039> this<00:05:45.160> and<00:05:45.280> we<00:05:45.400> said<00:05:45.680> that.'<00:05:46.479> They're<00:05:46.720> reliving<00:05:47.479> themselves<00:05:47.880> in<00:05:48.039> the<00:05:48.240> context

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of<00:05:48.960> how<00:05:49.199> they<00:05:49.400> conducted<00:05:50.280> themselves<00:05:51.280> and<00:05:51.479> whether<00:05:51.759> what<00:05:51.919> they<00:05:52.080> did<00:05:52.319> was<00:05:52.600> right<00:05:52.759> or<00:05:53.000> wrong.<00:05:53.319> So,<00:05:53.479> they're<00:05:53.720> judging<00:05:54.199> their<00:05:54.400> own<00:05:54.840> actions<00:05:55.840> because<00:05:56.080> they're<00:05:56.280> reliving<00:05:56.800> it,

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and<00:05:57.639> importantly,<00:05:58.639> they're<00:05:58.880> reliving<00:05:59.360> it<00:05:59.680> not<00:05:59.880> just<00:06:00.080> from<00:06:00.240> their<00:06:00.400> own<00:06:00.720> perspective,<00:06:01.319> but<00:06:01.479> from<00:06:01.639> the<00:06:01.840> perspective<00:06:02.319> of<00:06:02.520> other<00:06:02.720> people<00:06:02.960> they<00:06:03.120> interacted<00:06:03.720> with.<00:06:03.960> So,<00:06:04.160> for

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example,<00:06:04.768> if<00:06:05.176> I<00:06:05.584> say<00:06:05.992> something<00:06:06.400> tonight<00:06:06.808> that,<00:06:07.216> goodness<00:06:07.624> forbid,<00:06:08.032> may<00:06:08.440> have<00:06:08.848> offended—offended<00:06:09.256> you,<00:06:09.664> in<00:06:10.072> my<00:06:10.480> death<00:06:10.888> experience,<00:06:11.296> I<00:06:11.704> will<00:06:12.112> relive<00:06:12.520> this,

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but<00:06:13.120> I<00:06:13.199> will<00:06:13.479> feel<00:06:13.880> what<00:06:14.080> you<00:06:14.800> felt.<00:06:15.800> So,<00:06:15.960> if<00:06:16.080> I<00:06:16.280> hurt<00:06:16.560> you,<00:06:16.919> I<00:06:17.039> feel<00:06:17.360> the<00:06:17.560> exact<00:06:17.880> same<00:06:18.120> pain,<00:06:18.440> and<00:06:18.599> so<00:06:19.319> I<00:06:20.319> understand<00:06:20.960> that

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that<00:06:21.418> was<00:06:21.677> awful,<00:06:21.935> and<00:06:22.194> I<00:06:22.452> feel<00:06:22.711> humiliated<00:06:22.969> at<00:06:23.228> what<00:06:23.486> I<00:06:23.745> have<00:06:24.003> done.<00:06:24.262> You<00:06:24.520> see,<00:06:24.778> that's<00:06:25.037> how—again,<00:06:25.295> these<00:06:25.554> are<00:06:25.812> what<00:06:26.071> they<00:06:26.329> say.<00:06:26.588> I'm<00:06:26.846> not—so,<00:06:27.105> I<00:06:27.363> mean,<00:06:27.622> what—what<00:06:27.880> you're

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saying<00:06:28.415> is<00:06:28.792> this<00:06:29.168> is<00:06:29.544> an<00:06:29.921> entire<00:06:30.297> different<00:06:30.674> universe,<00:06:31.050> reality<00:06:31.426> of<00:06:31.803> space<00:06:32.179> and<00:06:32.555> time,<00:06:32.932> and<00:06:33.308> our<00:06:33.684> experience<00:06:34.061> in<00:06:34.437> that.<00:06:34.814> I<00:06:35.190> mean,<00:06:35.566> this—what<00:06:35.943> you're<00:06:36.319> describing

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defies<00:06:38.280> what<00:06:38.440> I<00:06:38.520> would<00:06:38.720> call<00:06:38.919> the<00:06:39.039> laws<00:06:39.280> of<00:06:40.120> physics.<00:06:41.120> Since<00:06:41.319> I'm<00:06:41.479> not<00:06:41.599> a<00:06:41.720> physicist,<00:06:42.240> I'm<00:06:42.360> going<00:06:42.479> to<00:06:42.639> defer<00:06:43.039> that<00:06:43.199> one,<00:06:43.639> um,<00:06:43.800> but<00:06:43.919> I'm<00:06:44.039> going<00:06:44.160> to<00:06:44.360> describe<00:06:44.680> to<00:06:44.800> you<00:06:44.919> what<00:06:45.039> millions

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of<00:06:45.621> people<00:06:45.882> have<00:06:46.142> said<00:06:46.403> consistently.<00:06:46.664> They<00:06:46.925> don't<00:06:47.186> know<00:06:47.446> each<00:06:47.707> other.<00:06:47.968> Some<00:06:48.229> is<00:06:48.490> from<00:06:48.750> a<00:06:49.011> village<00:06:49.272> in<00:06:49.533> the<00:06:49.794> Middle<00:06:50.054> East,<00:06:50.315> somebody's<00:06:50.576> from—from<00:06:50.837> a<00:06:51.098> little<00:06:51.358> town<00:06:51.619> in<00:06:51.880> England,

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somebody's<00:06:52.599> from<00:06:52.759> a<00:06:53.080> in<00:06:53.160> the<00:06:53.240> US,<00:06:53.560> somebody's<00:06:53.880> from<00:06:54.000> India,<00:06:54.240> somebody<00:06:54.560> from<00:06:54.720> China.<00:06:55.479> They<00:06:55.599> have<00:06:55.720> no<00:06:55.879> idea,<00:06:56.120> and<00:06:56.199> they<00:06:56.319> don't<00:06:56.520> talk<00:06:56.680> to<00:06:56.879> other<00:06:57.080> people<00:06:57.360> because<00:06:57.520> they're<00:06:57.840> ridiculed.

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So,<00:06:59.167> they<00:06:59.494> live<00:06:59.821> with<00:07:00.148> this<00:07:00.475> little<00:07:00.802> secret,<00:07:01.129> but<00:07:01.456> because<00:07:01.783> I'm<00:07:02.110> studying<00:07:02.437> them<00:07:02.763> and<00:07:03.090> thousands<00:07:03.417> of<00:07:03.744> them,<00:07:04.071> I'm<00:07:04.398> astonished<00:07:04.725> at<00:07:05.052> the—the—the<00:07:05.379> consistency<00:07:05.706> of<00:07:06.033> what<00:07:06.360> they

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say.<00:07:06.816> And<00:07:07.152> the<00:07:07.489> other<00:07:07.826> things<00:07:08.163> I—I<00:07:08.499> do<00:07:08.836> want<00:07:09.173> to<00:07:09.509> highlight<00:07:09.846> which<00:07:10.183> are<00:07:10.520> important<00:07:10.856> is<00:07:11.193> that<00:07:11.530> in<00:07:11.866> that<00:07:12.203> state,<00:07:12.540> um,<00:07:12.876> they<00:07:13.213> also<00:07:13.550> relive<00:07:13.887> what<00:07:14.223> they<00:07:14.560> have

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done<00:07:14.960> which<00:07:15.120> they<00:07:15.280> perceived<00:07:15.720> to<00:07:15.840> have<00:07:15.960> been<00:07:16.199> good,<00:07:16.520> and<00:07:16.639> so<00:07:17.039> those<00:07:17.319> states<00:07:17.759> that<00:07:17.879> were<00:07:18.479> of<00:07:18.720> help<00:07:18.960> to<00:07:19.160> others,<00:07:19.759> it<00:07:19.919> gives<00:07:20.120> them<00:07:20.319> immense<00:07:20.800> joy.<00:07:21.800> And<00:07:21.960> so,<00:07:22.400> they<00:07:23.400> themselves

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judge<00:07:24.692> the<00:07:25.065> quality<00:07:25.437> of<00:07:25.810> their<00:07:26.183> life<00:07:26.556> based<00:07:26.928> upon<00:07:27.301> moral<00:07:27.674> and<00:07:28.047> ethical<00:07:28.420> principles.<00:07:28.792> And<00:07:29.165> again,<00:07:29.538> I<00:07:29.911> just—if<00:07:30.283> you<00:07:30.656> don't<00:07:31.029> mind—I<00:07:31.402> want<00:07:31.774> to<00:07:32.147> emphasize<00:07:32.520> this

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point,<00:07:34.199> too.<00:07:35.199> It's<00:07:35.440> not<00:07:35.720> based<00:07:36.000> on<00:07:36.199> what<00:07:36.400> they<00:07:36.560> thought<00:07:36.800> was<00:07:37.000> correct,<00:07:37.400> because<00:07:37.599> you<00:07:37.680> know<00:07:37.840> how<00:07:37.960> we<00:07:38.080> are:<00:07:38.400> we<00:07:38.520> do<00:07:38.680> all<00:07:38.840> sorts<00:07:39.080> of<00:07:39.240> stuff,<00:07:39.479> and<00:07:39.560> then<00:07:39.680> we<00:07:39.800> blame<00:07:40.080> other<00:07:40.319> people

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and<00:07:41.047> we—we<00:07:41.414> justify<00:07:41.782> why<00:07:42.149> we<00:07:42.516> did<00:07:42.883> things.<00:07:43.251> In<00:07:43.618> death,<00:07:43.985> they<00:07:44.352> evaluate<00:07:44.720> themselves<00:07:45.087> based<00:07:45.454> upon<00:07:45.821> how<00:07:46.188> true<00:07:46.556> that<00:07:46.923> was,<00:07:47.290> irrespective<00:07:47.657> of<00:07:48.025> how<00:07:48.392> they<00:07:48.759> may

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have<00:07:49.120> justified<00:07:49.639> it<00:07:49.759> in<00:07:49.919> their<00:07:50.159> life.<00:07:50.800> So,<00:07:50.919> there's<00:07:51.039> a<00:07:51.159> different<00:07:51.360> kind<00:07:51.479> of<00:07:51.639> consciousness<00:07:52.400> here.<00:07:53.400> It's<00:07:53.680> their<00:07:53.919> consciousness,<00:07:54.479> but<00:07:55.039> it's<00:07:55.240> different<00:07:55.599> than<00:07:55.840> their<00:07:56.520> what

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I<00:07:57.049> would<00:07:57.459> call<00:07:57.869> their<00:07:58.279> kind<00:07:58.689> of<00:07:59.099> dimmer,<00:07:59.509> um,<00:07:59.919> consciousness<00:08:00.329> during<00:08:00.740> waking—I<00:08:01.150> mean,<00:08:01.560> during<00:08:01.970> the<00:08:02.380> normal,<00:08:02.790> you<00:08:03.200> know,<00:08:03.610> course<00:08:04.020> of<00:08:04.430> living.<00:08:04.840> It's

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you<00:08:05.160> know,<00:08:05.360> I—again,<00:08:05.560> I've<00:08:05.760> thought<00:08:05.960> about<00:08:06.160> this<00:08:06.360> a<00:08:06.560> lot.<00:08:06.760> Again,<00:08:06.960> I've<00:08:07.160> been<00:08:07.360> doing<00:08:07.560> this<00:08:07.760> for<00:08:07.960> 30<00:08:08.160> years.<00:08:08.360> My<00:08:08.560> understanding<00:08:08.760> of<00:08:08.960> it<00:08:09.160> when<00:08:09.360> I<00:08:09.560> started<00:08:09.760> was<00:08:09.960> more<00:08:10.160> along<00:08:10.360> the

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lines<00:08:10.856> of<00:08:11.191> how<00:08:11.527> you<00:08:11.863> initially<00:08:12.198> talked<00:08:12.534> about<00:08:12.870> it,<00:08:13.205> but<00:08:13.541> through<00:08:13.877> these<00:08:14.212> analyses<00:08:14.548> of<00:08:14.883> these<00:08:15.219> experiences<00:08:15.555> and<00:08:15.890> studying<00:08:16.226> them<00:08:16.562> in—in<00:08:16.897> great<00:08:17.233> detail,<00:08:17.569> and<00:08:17.904> we've<00:08:18.240> also

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used<00:08:18.689> natural<00:08:18.977> language<00:08:19.266> processing<00:08:19.555> and,<00:08:19.843> you<00:08:20.132> know,<00:08:20.421> artificial<00:08:20.709> intelligence<00:08:20.998> methods<00:08:21.287> and<00:08:21.575> so<00:08:21.864> on.<00:08:22.152> So—so<00:08:22.441> these<00:08:22.730> are<00:08:23.018> not<00:08:23.307> my<00:08:23.596> opinions;<00:08:23.884> these<00:08:24.173> are<00:08:24.462> facts<00:08:24.750> of<00:08:25.039> what

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people<00:08:25.556> say,<00:08:25.912> um,<00:08:26.269> these<00:08:26.626> are<00:08:26.983> their<00:08:27.339> testimonies,<00:08:27.696> but<00:08:28.053> they<00:08:28.409> describe<00:08:28.766> it<00:08:29.123> almost<00:08:29.480> like<00:08:29.836> as<00:08:30.193> if<00:08:30.550> you've<00:08:30.906> been—I<00:08:31.263> describe<00:08:31.620> it<00:08:31.976> as<00:08:32.333> if<00:08:32.690> you've<00:08:33.047> been—almost<00:08:33.403> trapped<00:08:33.760> and

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then<00:08:34.039> you're<00:08:34.279> released<00:08:34.719> and<00:08:34.919> liberated.<00:08:35.399> So,<00:08:35.560> some<00:08:35.680> of<00:08:35.839> the<00:08:35.959> things<00:08:36.159> they<00:08:36.279> say,<00:08:36.560> for<00:08:36.719> example:<00:08:37.080> 'I<00:08:37.200> felt<00:08:37.599> like<00:08:37.959> death<00:08:38.360> for<00:08:38.560> me,<00:08:38.839> that<00:08:39.080> process<00:08:39.880> was<00:08:40.039> like<00:08:40.200> shedding<00:08:40.599> my<00:08:40.800> coat.'

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I<00:08:41.599> felt<00:08:41.880> I<00:08:42.000> was<00:08:42.159> free,<00:08:43.120> and<00:08:43.320> in<00:08:43.519> that<00:08:43.719> state,<00:08:44.000> like<00:08:44.159> I<00:08:44.320> said,<00:08:44.600> it<00:08:44.760> becomes<00:08:45.399> vast,<00:08:46.399> and<00:08:46.680> everything<00:08:47.160> that<00:08:47.320> they<00:08:47.440> have<00:08:47.600> done<00:08:47.800> is<00:08:47.920> being<00:08:48.120> relived,<00:08:48.640> understood,<00:08:49.240> as<00:08:49.360> well<00:08:49.519> as

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other<00:08:50.120> things.<00:08:50.560> For<00:08:51.000> example,<00:08:51.440> they<00:08:51.880> describe<00:08:52.320> understanding<00:08:52.760> when<00:08:53.200> they<00:08:53.640> evaluate<00:08:54.080> things;<00:08:54.520> they<00:08:54.960> understand<00:08:55.400> evaluating<00:08:55.840> the<00:08:56.280> cause-and-effect<00:08:56.720> relationships

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in<00:08:57.480> their<00:08:57.680> life,<00:08:57.959> what<00:08:58.120> led<00:08:58.399> to<00:08:58.560> certain<00:08:58.920> events,<00:09:00.079> why<00:09:00.240> did<00:09:00.519> those<00:09:00.720> things<00:09:01.000> occur.<00:09:01.720> So,<00:09:01.920> there's<00:09:02.120> a<00:09:02.279> lot<00:09:02.519> that<00:09:02.680> comes<00:09:02.920> out<00:09:03.079> of<00:09:03.240> it<00:09:03.880> that,<00:09:04.079> unfortunately,<00:09:04.880> um,<00:09:05.040> most<00:09:05.240> people<00:09:05.519> don't

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you<00:09:06.120> know,<00:09:06.279> appreciate,<00:09:06.880> but<00:09:07.160> it's<00:09:07.320> fascinating.<00:09:08.079> So,<00:09:08.320> so,<00:09:08.480> let<00:09:08.600> me<00:09:08.760> run<00:09:09.079> through<00:09:09.640> some<00:09:09.839> of<00:09:10.000> the<00:09:10.200> explanations<00:09:10.880> that<00:09:11.040> I've<00:09:11.240> heard,<00:09:12.000> uh,<00:09:12.480> commonly<00:09:13.200> to<00:09:14.200> explain

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uh,<00:09:15.720> what<00:09:15.920> are<00:09:16.200> typically<00:09:16.560> called<00:09:16.800> near-death<00:09:17.279> experiences.<00:09:17.800> You<00:09:17.959> prefer<00:09:18.240> the<00:09:18.360> term<00:09:18.640> 'recalled<00:09:19.240> experiences<00:09:19.720> of<00:09:19.920> death,'<00:09:20.200> but<00:09:20.360> anyway,<00:09:20.720> so<00:09:20.920> for<00:09:21.120> instance,<00:09:21.839> the<00:09:22.000> body<00:09:22.440> floating

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up,<00:09:23.434> you<00:09:23.789> know,<00:09:24.143> what—what<00:09:24.498> is<00:09:24.853> referred<00:09:25.208> to<00:09:25.563> as<00:09:25.918> out-of-body<00:09:26.272> experiences.<00:09:26.627> You<00:09:26.982> know,<00:09:27.337> you<00:09:27.692> can,<00:09:28.047> uh,<00:09:28.401> stimulate<00:09:28.756> that<00:09:29.111> with<00:09:29.466> an<00:09:29.821> electrode<00:09:30.176> to<00:09:30.530> the<00:09:30.885> brain,<00:09:31.240> uh,

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that's<00:09:31.896> not<00:09:32.351> true,<00:09:32.807> but<00:09:33.262> people<00:09:33.718> say<00:09:34.173> it.<00:09:34.629> Uh,<00:09:35.084> the—the—the<00:09:35.540> bright<00:09:35.996> lights,<00:09:36.451> the—the<00:09:36.907> tunnel—that<00:09:37.362> has<00:09:37.818> been<00:09:38.273> explained<00:09:38.729> by<00:09:39.184> hypoxia,<00:09:39.640> you

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know,<00:09:40.124> the—the<00:09:40.487> loss<00:09:40.851> of<00:09:41.215> oxy—say,<00:09:41.578> 'That's<00:09:41.942> not<00:09:42.305> true.'<00:09:42.669> Yes,<00:09:43.033> you—please,<00:09:43.396> please.<00:09:43.760> I—and<00:09:44.124> the—but<00:09:44.487> people<00:09:44.851> believe<00:09:45.215> it.<00:09:45.578> Some<00:09:45.942> people<00:09:46.305> believe<00:09:46.669> it,<00:09:47.033> the<00:09:47.396> sense<00:09:47.760> that

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uh,<00:09:48.632> you<00:09:48.985> know,<00:09:49.337> when<00:09:49.690> you're<00:09:50.043> in<00:09:50.396> coma,<00:09:50.748> the—the<00:09:51.101> brain<00:09:51.454> totally<00:09:51.807> flatlines.<00:09:52.160> The<00:09:52.512> question<00:09:52.865> is,<00:09:53.218> you<00:09:53.571> know,<00:09:53.923> and<00:09:54.276> then<00:09:54.629> you<00:09:54.982> report<00:09:55.334> these<00:09:55.687> extraordinary<00:09:56.040> experiences,

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you<00:09:56.880> know,<00:09:57.040> how<00:09:57.200> is<00:09:57.320> that<00:09:57.600> possible<00:09:57.959> if<00:09:58.079> the<00:09:58.200> brain<00:09:58.480> has<00:09:58.640> flatlined?<00:09:59.600> Or<00:09:59.920> is<00:10:00.040> it<00:10:00.320> because,<00:10:00.880> actually,<00:10:01.320> these<00:10:01.600> experiences<00:10:02.360> are<00:10:02.680> sort<00:10:02.880> of<00:10:03.079> being<00:10:03.399> remembered<00:10:04.040> as<00:10:04.200> people<00:10:04.399> are

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starting<00:10:04.880> to,<00:10:05.160> you<00:10:05.279> know,<00:10:05.519> come<00:10:05.720> back<00:10:05.920> online,<00:10:06.519> regain<00:10:07.120> consciousness,<00:10:08.120> um,<00:10:08.880> why<00:10:09.079> is<00:10:09.240> not<00:10:09.760> that<00:10:10.320> a<00:10:10.480> legitimate<00:10:11.640> explanation?<00:10:12.640> So,

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again,<00:10:13.678> you<00:10:13.956> ask<00:10:14.235> wonderful<00:10:14.513> questions,<00:10:14.792> which<00:10:15.070> I<00:10:15.349> appreciate.<00:10:15.627> I'm<00:10:15.906> just<00:10:16.184> joking<00:10:16.463> with<00:10:16.741> you,<00:10:17.020> by<00:10:17.298> the<00:10:17.577> way.<00:10:17.855> I<00:10:18.134> tease<00:10:18.412> you<00:10:18.691> a<00:10:18.969> little,<00:10:19.248> I—you<00:10:19.526> don't<00:10:19.805> mind,<00:10:20.083> um.<00:10:20.362> So,<00:10:20.640> the—the

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reality<00:10:21.279> of<00:10:21.440> this<00:10:21.680> is<00:10:21.880> that<00:10:22.040> when<00:10:22.279> these<00:10:22.440> people<00:10:22.680> first<00:10:22.880> started<00:10:23.360> describing<00:10:23.800> these<00:10:24.000> experiences,<00:10:24.720> people<00:10:25.040> rejected<00:10:25.480> them.<00:10:25.800> Some<00:10:26.000> scientists<00:10:26.480> rejected<00:10:26.920> them<00:10:27.079> and<00:10:27.240> simply

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said,<00:10:27.981> 'You're<00:10:28.402> either<00:10:28.823> fabricating,<00:10:29.244> you're<00:10:29.665> just<00:10:30.086> making<00:10:30.507> up<00:10:30.928> these<00:10:31.349> stories,<00:10:31.771> or<00:10:32.192> you're<00:10:32.613> basically<00:10:33.034> hallucinating.'<00:10:33.455> The—the<00:10:33.876> issue<00:10:34.297> with<00:10:34.718> the<00:10:35.139> story<00:10:35.560> of

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hallucination<00:10:36.800> is<00:10:37.079> that<00:10:37.600> they<00:10:37.760> can't<00:10:38.000> be<00:10:38.160> hallucinating,<00:10:38.800> and<00:10:38.880> I'll<00:10:39.079> explain<00:10:39.360> to<00:10:39.480> you<00:10:39.680> why.<00:10:40.079> One,<00:10:40.680> because<00:10:41.680> it's<00:10:41.920> impossible<00:10:42.440> to<00:10:42.639> tell<00:10:42.880> somebody<00:10:43.519> that<00:10:43.680> you're<00:10:43.959> reliving

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your<00:10:44.922> entire<00:10:45.284> life<00:10:45.645> is<00:10:46.007> a<00:10:46.369> hallucination.<00:10:46.731> A<00:10:47.092> hallucination<00:10:47.454> is<00:10:47.816> something<00:10:48.178> that<00:10:48.540> occurs<00:10:48.901> to<00:10:49.263> people<00:10:49.625> in<00:10:49.987> a—in<00:10:50.348> an<00:10:50.710> awakened<00:10:51.072> state<00:10:51.434> where<00:10:51.795> other<00:10:52.157> people<00:10:52.519> cannot

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confirm<00:10:53.320> what<00:10:53.480> they've<00:10:53.680> said<00:10:53.880> that<00:10:54.000> they're<00:10:54.160> seeing.<00:10:54.560> So,<00:10:54.760> you<00:10:54.880> may<00:10:55.079> say,<00:10:55.279> 'I'm<00:10:55.440> seeing<00:10:55.720> somebody<00:10:56.040> walking<00:10:56.360> up<00:10:56.560> there,'<00:10:56.760> and<00:10:56.839> the<00:10:56.959> rest<00:10:57.120> of<00:10:57.279> us<00:10:57.399> would<00:10:57.560> say,<00:10:57.760> 'Well,<00:10:57.920> that's<00:10:58.079> not

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really<00:10:58.480> happening.'<00:10:59.519> So,<00:10:59.800> because<00:11:00.000> we're<00:11:00.120> in<00:11:00.240> an<00:11:00.360> awakened<00:11:00.800> state,<00:11:01.000> it<00:11:01.120> doesn't<00:11:01.399> apply<00:11:01.639> to<00:11:01.800> people<00:11:02.000> who<00:11:02.079> are<00:11:02.160> in<00:11:02.240> a<00:11:02.399> coma<00:11:02.720> and<00:11:02.839> so<00:11:03.000> on.<00:11:03.200> But<00:11:03.720> nonetheless,<00:11:04.720> you<00:11:04.959> or<00:11:05.120> I<00:11:05.320> reliving

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our<00:11:06.112> life<00:11:06.465> is<00:11:06.817> not<00:11:07.170> a<00:11:07.522> hallucination.<00:11:07.874> Me—somebody<00:11:08.227> being<00:11:08.579> able<00:11:08.931> to<00:11:09.284> recall<00:11:09.636> accurate<00:11:09.989> details<00:11:10.341> of<00:11:10.693> what<00:11:11.046> was<00:11:11.398> happening<00:11:11.750> during<00:11:12.103> their<00:11:12.455> resuscitation<00:11:12.808> or<00:11:13.160> conversations

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and<00:11:14.218> so<00:11:14.597> on,<00:11:14.976> which<00:11:15.355> many<00:11:15.734> doctors<00:11:16.114> have—have<00:11:16.493> confirmed,<00:11:16.872> is<00:11:17.251> clearly<00:11:17.630> not<00:11:18.009> a<00:11:18.388> hallucination<00:11:18.767> if<00:11:19.146> they're<00:11:19.525> describing<00:11:19.905> reality.<00:11:20.284> The<00:11:20.663> other<00:11:21.042> issue<00:11:21.421> with<00:11:21.800> hallucinations,

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which<00:11:22.946> is<00:11:23.332> important<00:11:23.718> to<00:11:24.104> point<00:11:24.490> out,<00:11:24.876> is<00:11:25.262> whenever<00:11:25.648> somebody<00:11:26.034> hallucinates—which<00:11:26.420> occurs,<00:11:26.805> of<00:11:27.191> course,<00:11:27.577> there's<00:11:27.963> no<00:11:28.349> doubt,<00:11:28.735> um—even<00:11:29.121> if<00:11:29.507> the<00:11:29.893> hallucinatory<00:11:30.279> experience

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feels<00:11:31.120> incredibly<00:11:31.639> real<00:11:31.959> to<00:11:32.160> them<00:11:32.680> while<00:11:32.920> it's<00:11:33.440> happening,<00:11:34.440> after<00:11:34.760> they<00:11:35.240> recover<00:11:36.240> they<00:11:36.440> realize<00:11:36.880> that<00:11:37.000> it<00:11:37.079> was<00:11:37.519> not<00:11:37.839> as<00:11:38.160> real<00:11:39.160> as

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ordinary,<00:11:40.360> real<00:11:40.680> events<00:11:41.079> in<00:11:41.600> life.<00:11:42.600> That<00:11:42.720> is<00:11:42.959> absolutely<00:11:43.480> always<00:11:43.800> the<00:11:45.240> case<00:11:46.240> with<00:11:46.399> the<00:11:46.639> death<00:11:46.959> experience,<00:11:47.800> and

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the<00:11:48.079> recalled<00:11:48.519> experience<00:11:48.880> of<00:11:49.240> death,<00:11:50.240> what<00:11:50.399> happens<00:11:50.760> is<00:11:51.000> completely<00:11:51.399> the<00:11:51.560> opposite.<00:11:52.480> So,<00:11:52.680> not<00:11:52.800> only<00:11:53.040> are<00:11:53.160> they<00:11:53.320> recalling<00:11:53.760> real<00:11:53.959> events<00:11:54.240> that<00:11:54.399> occurred<00:11:54.680> or<00:11:54.839> their<00:11:54.959> own

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life,<00:11:55.920> but<00:11:56.600> importantly,<00:11:57.600> when<00:11:57.800> they<00:11:58.000> come<00:11:58.320> back,<00:11:58.800> this<00:11:58.920> is<00:11:59.040> the<00:11:59.320> only<00:11:59.600> situation<00:12:00.000> in<00:12:00.240> life<00:12:00.480> that<00:12:00.639> I<00:12:00.760> know<00:12:01.000> of<00:12:01.760> where<00:12:01.959> they<00:12:02.240> consistently<00:12:02.920> will<00:12:03.160> always<00:12:03.839> say

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that<00:12:05.040> this<00:12:05.240> was<00:12:05.720> more<00:12:06.040> real<00:12:06.639> than<00:12:06.800> the<00:12:06.959> most<00:12:07.279> real<00:12:07.600> experience<00:12:08.040> you<00:12:08.120> could<00:12:08.360> ever<00:12:09.000> think<00:12:09.240> of.<00:12:09.519> So,<00:12:09.839> my<00:12:10.120> graduation<00:12:10.839> or<00:12:11.040> my<00:12:11.200> daughter's<00:12:11.560> wedding<00:12:11.880> or<00:12:12.040> whatever<00:12:12.279> you<00:12:12.360> can<00:12:12.519> think

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of,<00:12:12.839> really<00:12:13.079> meaningful,<00:12:13.600> real<00:12:14.199> events,<00:12:15.199> pale<00:12:15.519> into<00:12:16.199> insignificance.<00:12:17.199> Again,<00:12:17.399> there's<00:12:17.560> a<00:12:17.920> huge<00:12:18.399> difference<00:12:18.880> between<00:12:19.240> how<00:12:19.519> real<00:12:19.959> that<00:12:20.160> feels<00:12:21.120> and

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how<00:12:21.729> these<00:12:22.098> feel.<00:12:22.467> So,<00:12:22.836> um,<00:12:23.205> it<00:12:23.575> doesn't<00:12:23.944> fit<00:12:24.313> with<00:12:24.682> the<00:12:25.051> idea<00:12:25.420> of<00:12:25.789> hallucinations<00:12:26.158> at<00:12:26.527> all.<00:12:26.896> The—the<00:12:27.265> other<00:12:27.635> thing,<00:12:28.004> and—and—and<00:12:28.373> as<00:12:28.742> you<00:12:29.111> pointed,<00:12:29.480> again,

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I<00:12:29.680> was<00:12:29.800> pulling<00:12:30.079> your<00:12:30.160> leg<00:12:30.320> a<00:12:30.399> little<00:12:30.560> bit,<00:12:30.760> but<00:12:31.199> you<00:12:31.320> know,<00:12:31.480> people<00:12:31.680> have<00:12:31.839> come<00:12:31.959> out<00:12:32.079> with<00:12:32.199> all<00:12:32.360> kinds<00:12:32.560> of<00:12:32.839> theories.<00:12:33.399> What<00:12:33.600> you<00:12:33.880> talking<00:12:34.199> about<00:12:34.360> with<00:12:34.639> theories?<00:12:35.639> But<00:12:36.079> none

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of<00:12:36.480> them<00:12:36.720> have<00:12:36.880> been<00:12:37.160> able<00:12:37.399> to<00:12:37.639> show<00:12:38.000> or<00:12:38.199> demonstrate<00:12:38.800> this<00:12:39.680> experience.<00:12:40.680> And<00:12:40.839> I<00:12:40.920> think<00:12:41.160> as<00:12:41.279> we<00:12:41.440> move<00:12:41.720> forward<00:12:42.160> in<00:12:42.360> time,<00:12:42.639> what<00:12:42.760> we<00:12:42.920> found<00:12:43.240> is<00:12:43.360> that<00:12:43.560> some<00:12:43.800> scientists<00:12:44.320> started

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to<00:12:45.240> no<00:12:45.680> longer<00:12:46.680> sort<00:12:46.880> of<00:12:47.120> reject<00:12:47.920> and<00:12:48.079> say,<00:12:48.320> 'Well,<00:12:48.440> you're<00:12:48.600> making<00:12:48.959> this<00:12:49.160> up,'<00:12:49.880> and<00:12:50.000> say,<00:12:50.240> 'Well,<00:12:50.360> it<00:12:50.440> must<00:12:50.639> just<00:12:50.760> be<00:12:50.880> a<00:12:51.000> trick<00:12:51.240> of<00:12:51.360> your<00:12:51.519> brain<00:12:51.800> as<00:12:51.920> your<00:12:52.040> brain<00:12:52.240> is<00:12:52.399> dying.<00:12:52.720> It's

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creating<00:12:53.240> all<00:12:53.440> these<00:12:53.600> wonderful<00:12:54.040> images.'<00:12:55.040> But<00:12:55.199> again,<00:12:55.399> it<00:12:55.519> doesn't<00:12:55.839> make<00:12:56.040> sense.<00:12:56.320> Like,<00:12:56.519> how<00:12:56.639> would<00:12:56.800> you<00:12:56.959> suddenly<00:12:57.399> know<00:12:57.639> everything<00:12:57.959> you've<00:12:58.199> done?<00:12:58.399> It's<00:12:58.600> not<00:12:59.320> the<00:12:59.480> case.

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Well,<00:13:00.295> let<00:13:00.630> me<00:13:00.966> just—just<00:13:01.302> while<00:13:01.637> I'm<00:13:01.973> throwing<00:13:02.309> out<00:13:02.645> these<00:13:02.980> sort<00:13:03.316> of<00:13:03.652> these<00:13:03.987> biological<00:13:04.323> explanations,<00:13:04.659> another<00:13:04.994> one<00:13:05.330> is<00:13:05.666> that<00:13:06.002> there's<00:13:06.337> this<00:13:06.673> phrase<00:13:07.009> of<00:13:07.344> what's<00:13:07.680> been

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called<00:13:08.440> a<00:13:08.519> terminal<00:13:08.959> lucidity.<00:13:09.519> You<00:13:09.600> know,<00:13:09.720> it's<00:13:09.880> sort<00:13:10.079> of<00:13:10.320> like<00:13:10.519> right<00:13:10.800> as<00:13:11.000> someone<00:13:11.320> is<00:13:11.519> dying,<00:13:12.279> suddenly,<00:13:12.920> like<00:13:13.199> everything<00:13:13.720> comes<00:13:14.120> alive,<00:13:14.560> and<00:13:14.680> you<00:13:14.760> know,<00:13:14.920> maybe<00:13:15.279> they

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were<00:13:15.680> kind<00:13:15.839> of<00:13:16.040> fuzzy<00:13:16.600> and<00:13:16.760> sort<00:13:16.959> of<00:13:17.399> losing<00:13:18.040> cognitive<00:13:18.519> function,<00:13:19.040> and<00:13:19.199> then<00:13:19.800> the<00:13:19.959> explanation<00:13:20.600> that<00:13:20.760> I've<00:13:20.959> heard<00:13:21.399> is<00:13:21.519> that<00:13:21.680> it's<00:13:21.800> sort<00:13:22.000> of<00:13:22.199> like,<00:13:22.639> uh,<00:13:22.800> you<00:13:22.880> know,<00:13:23.040> it's

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this<00:13:23.503> is<00:13:23.766> the<00:13:24.029> last<00:13:24.292> gasp<00:13:24.555> of<00:13:24.818> the<00:13:25.081> brain<00:13:25.344> and<00:13:25.607> the<00:13:25.870> body<00:13:26.133> sort<00:13:26.396> of<00:13:26.660> trying<00:13:26.923> to<00:13:27.186> fire<00:13:27.449> everything<00:13:27.712> up.<00:13:27.975> Everything<00:13:28.238> is<00:13:28.501> jolted,<00:13:28.764> and<00:13:29.027> then—then<00:13:29.290> suddenly,<00:13:29.553> that's<00:13:29.816> why<00:13:30.079> you

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have<00:13:30.519> this<00:13:31.079> brief<00:13:31.480> period<00:13:31.800> of<00:13:32.000> lucidity<00:13:32.920> before<00:13:33.160> you<00:13:33.360> die.<00:13:34.000> So,<00:13:34.160> we're<00:13:34.360> beginning<00:13:34.639> to<00:13:34.839> come<00:13:34.959> to<00:13:35.120> a<00:13:35.240> point<00:13:35.399> where<00:13:35.519> we<00:13:35.639> might<00:13:35.800> start<00:13:36.000> to<00:13:36.160> agree<00:13:36.399> a<00:13:36.480> little<00:13:37.519> bit,<00:13:38.519> um.

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So—so,<00:13:39.050> I<00:13:39.340> think<00:13:39.630> that—let<00:13:39.920> me<00:13:40.210> just,<00:13:40.500> if<00:13:40.790> I<00:13:41.080> may—so—so,<00:13:41.370> the<00:13:41.660> reality,<00:13:41.950> I<00:13:42.240> have<00:13:42.530> to<00:13:42.820> sort<00:13:43.110> of,<00:13:43.400> again,<00:13:43.690> I<00:13:43.980> hope<00:13:44.270> I<00:13:44.560> don't<00:13:44.850> offend<00:13:45.140> anybody,<00:13:45.430> but<00:13:45.720> I—the<00:13:46.010> problem<00:13:46.300> we<00:13:46.590> have<00:13:46.880> is

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that,<00:13:47.800> um,<00:13:48.000> and<00:13:48.160> I'm<00:13:48.279> going<00:13:48.399> to<00:13:48.519> address<00:13:48.800> your<00:13:49.040> question,<00:13:49.360> but<00:13:49.480> I<00:13:49.560> want<00:13:49.639> to<00:13:49.800> explain<00:13:50.079> this<00:13:50.240> first:<00:13:50.560> we<00:13:50.759> as<00:13:50.920> humans<00:13:51.680> are<00:13:51.959> incredibly<00:13:52.680> limited<00:13:53.680> at<00:13:53.880> what<00:13:54.000> we<00:13:54.120> can<00:13:54.320> perceive<00:13:54.600> and

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understand.<00:13:55.305> If<00:13:55.571> you<00:13:55.836> think<00:13:56.102> about<00:13:56.367> our<00:13:56.633> brain,<00:13:56.898> it's<00:13:57.164> only<00:13:57.429> able<00:13:57.695> to<00:13:57.960> understand<00:13:58.225> things<00:13:58.491> within<00:13:58.756> a<00:13:59.022> three-dimensional<00:13:59.287> world,<00:13:59.553> and<00:13:59.818> even<00:14:00.084> that<00:14:00.349> we<00:14:00.615> struggle.<00:14:00.880> If

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you<00:14:01.240> put<00:14:01.440> up<00:14:01.600> an<00:14:01.759> optical<00:14:02.120> illusion<00:14:02.480> in<00:14:02.600> front<00:14:02.800> of<00:14:02.920> me,<00:14:03.160> I<00:14:03.279> get<00:14:03.759> confused.<00:14:04.759> My<00:14:05.000> senses<00:14:05.440> as<00:14:05.519> a<00:14:05.639> human<00:14:05.839> being<00:14:06.079> are<00:14:06.279> incredibly<00:14:06.759> limited.<00:14:07.360> You<00:14:07.480> know,<00:14:07.639> animals<00:14:08.000> can<00:14:08.160> see<00:14:08.440> beyond

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what<00:14:09.123> we<00:14:09.446> can<00:14:09.769> see,<00:14:10.092> and<00:14:10.415> they<00:14:10.738> have—they<00:14:11.061> can<00:14:11.384> have<00:14:11.707> other<00:14:12.030> senses<00:14:12.353> beyond<00:14:12.676> what<00:14:12.999> we<00:14:13.323> have.<00:14:13.646> And<00:14:13.969> most<00:14:14.292> important<00:14:14.615> of<00:14:14.938> all,<00:14:15.261> I<00:14:15.584> found<00:14:15.907> recently<00:14:16.230> is<00:14:16.553> that,<00:14:16.876> actually,<00:14:17.199> um,

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um,<00:14:18.343> psychologists<00:14:18.726> and<00:14:19.110> behavioral<00:14:19.494> economists<00:14:19.877> have<00:14:20.261> begun<00:14:20.644> to<00:14:21.028> show<00:14:21.412> more<00:14:21.795> and<00:14:22.179> more<00:14:22.563> how<00:14:22.946> the<00:14:23.330> way<00:14:23.714> the<00:14:24.097> human<00:14:24.481> mind<00:14:24.864> works<00:14:25.248> is<00:14:25.632> somewhat<00:14:26.015> illogical.<00:14:26.399> They

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talk<00:14:26.920> about<00:14:27.360> various<00:14:27.759> mental<00:14:28.120> shortcuts<00:14:28.639> or<00:14:29.240> heuristics.<00:14:30.040> These<00:14:30.160> are<00:14:30.480> biases<00:14:31.079> that<00:14:31.199> we<00:14:31.360> have<00:14:31.519> in<00:14:31.639> the<00:14:31.720> way<00:14:31.880> we<00:14:32.279> understand<00:14:32.440> things.<00:14:32.639> So,<00:14:32.839> confirmation<00:14:33.480> bias<00:14:33.759> is<00:14:33.920> the<00:14:34.079> most

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best-known<00:14:35.420> one,<00:14:35.761> where<00:14:36.102> we<00:14:36.443> humans<00:14:36.784> tend<00:14:37.124> to<00:14:37.465> gravitate<00:14:37.806> towards<00:14:38.147> things<00:14:38.488> that<00:14:38.829> we<00:14:39.170> already<00:14:39.511> accept<00:14:39.852> and<00:14:40.193> believe,<00:14:40.534> and<00:14:40.875> we<00:14:41.215> reject<00:14:41.556> everything<00:14:41.897> else,<00:14:42.238> or<00:14:42.579> we<00:14:42.920> don't

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look<00:14:43.279> for<00:14:43.480> it.<00:14:44.079> The<00:14:44.240> other<00:14:44.639> thing<00:14:44.880> that<00:14:45.160> we<00:14:45.320> have<00:14:45.519> is<00:14:45.759> something<00:14:46.639> termed<00:14:47.040> cognitive<00:14:47.480> dissonance,<00:14:48.120> which<00:14:48.240> is<00:14:48.480> where<00:14:49.480> when<00:14:49.680> you<00:14:49.880> come<00:14:50.160> across<00:14:50.519> something<00:14:50.920> that<00:14:51.079> doesn't

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make<00:14:51.600> sense<00:14:51.839> to<00:14:52.000> you<00:14:52.160> and<00:14:52.279> it<00:14:52.399> challenges<00:14:52.880> your<00:14:53.160> beliefs<00:14:53.480> or<00:14:53.639> your<00:14:53.800> value<00:14:54.120> systems<00:14:54.440> or<00:14:54.600> what<00:14:54.680> you've<00:14:54.880> come<00:14:55.040> to<00:14:55.680> believe,<00:14:56.680> naturally,<00:14:57.199> what<00:14:57.320> people<00:14:57.560> often<00:14:57.800> do<00:14:57.959> is<00:14:58.120> just

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reject<00:14:58.545> it,<00:14:58.811> and—and<00:14:59.077> then<00:14:59.344> they<00:14:59.610> come<00:14:59.876> out<00:15:00.142> with<00:15:00.408> an<00:15:00.674> alternative<00:15:00.941> that<00:15:01.207> they<00:15:01.473> think<00:15:01.739> explains<00:15:02.005> it,<00:15:02.271> and<00:15:02.537> then<00:15:02.804> they<00:15:03.070> just<00:15:03.336> move<00:15:03.602> on<00:15:03.868> and<00:15:04.134> forget<00:15:04.401> about<00:15:04.667> it<00:15:04.933> forever.<00:15:05.199> So,

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why<00:15:05.560> am<00:15:05.639> I<00:15:05.800> saying<00:15:06.079> this<00:15:06.199> in<00:15:06.320> the<00:15:06.440> context<00:15:06.800> of<00:15:06.920> your<00:15:07.240> question?<00:15:08.240> When,<00:15:08.800> again,<00:15:09.680> society<00:15:10.199> thought<00:15:10.399> you<00:15:10.519> could<00:15:10.639> never<00:15:10.880> go<00:15:11.040> beyond<00:15:11.440> death,<00:15:12.440> science<00:15:12.720> started<00:15:13.040> to<00:15:13.160> go<00:15:13.279> beyond

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death,<00:15:13.920> people<00:15:14.199> came<00:15:14.360> out<00:15:14.480> with<00:15:14.639> incredible<00:15:15.399> testimonies.<00:15:16.399> It<00:15:16.600> challenged<00:15:17.160> many<00:15:17.480> scientists'<00:15:18.199> views,<00:15:19.199> which<00:15:19.320> were<00:15:19.560> limited<00:15:19.880> in<00:15:20.040> what<00:15:20.160> they<00:15:20.240> could<00:15:20.639> understand<00:15:20.839> about<00:15:21.079> death.

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So,<00:15:21.560> what<00:15:21.759> option<00:15:22.040> do<00:15:22.240> they<00:15:22.440> have?<00:15:22.720> One<00:15:23.000> is<00:15:23.120> to<00:15:23.800> either<00:15:24.800> spend<00:15:25.240> a<00:15:25.399> lot<00:15:25.560> of<00:15:25.720> time<00:15:25.959> trying<00:15:26.160> to<00:15:26.279> figure<00:15:26.639> this<00:15:26.800> idea<00:15:27.079> that<00:15:27.240> they<00:15:27.360> thought<00:15:27.519> wasn't<00:15:27.880> possible.<00:15:28.800> This<00:15:29.040> simple<00:15:29.440> solution

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is<00:15:29.999> just<00:15:30.239> to<00:15:30.479> reject<00:15:30.719> it,<00:15:30.959> or<00:15:31.199> come<00:15:31.439> out<00:15:31.679> with<00:15:31.919> theories<00:15:32.159> like,<00:15:32.399> 'Oh,<00:15:32.639> well,<00:15:32.879> you're<00:15:33.120> clearly,<00:15:33.360> you<00:15:33.600> know,<00:15:33.840> there—there,<00:15:34.080> Mrs.<00:15:34.320> Smith,<00:15:34.560> I<00:15:34.800> know<00:15:35.040> you<00:15:35.280> think<00:15:35.520> you<00:15:35.760> saw<00:15:36.000> the<00:15:36.240> doctor,

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but<00:15:36.759> you<00:15:36.959> were<00:15:37.120> clearly<00:15:37.920> hallucinating.'<00:15:38.920> We<00:15:39.079> know<00:15:39.279> from<00:15:39.399> the<00:15:39.519> history<00:15:39.800> of<00:15:39.920> medicine<00:15:40.279> it's<00:15:40.519> awful<00:15:40.880> to<00:15:41.079> reject<00:15:41.440> people's<00:15:41.800> testimonies,<00:15:42.600> you<00:15:42.720> know,<00:15:43.440> and<00:15:43.519> so<00:15:43.800> that's<00:15:44.079> why

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people<00:15:44.577> came<00:15:44.794> out<00:15:45.011> with<00:15:45.229> this<00:15:45.446> idea<00:15:45.663> of<00:15:45.880> a<00:15:46.097> lack<00:15:46.314> of<00:15:46.531> oxygen,<00:15:46.749> or,<00:15:46.966> you<00:15:47.183> know,<00:15:47.400> 'I<00:15:47.617> can<00:15:47.834> just<00:15:48.051> stimulate<00:15:48.269> your<00:15:48.486> brain<00:15:48.703> and<00:15:48.920> I'll<00:15:49.137> make<00:15:49.354> you<00:15:49.571> have<00:15:49.789> an<00:15:50.006> illusion,'<00:15:50.223> but—but<00:15:50.440> none

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Of<00:15:50.759> them<00:15:51.040> were<00:15:51.240> confirmed,<00:15:51.639> so<00:15:51.839> that's<00:15:52.199> why<00:15:52.440> those<00:15:52.639> theories<00:15:53.079> came<00:15:53.639> about,<00:15:54.639> um,<00:15:55.199> and<00:15:55.319> then<00:15:55.519> just<00:15:55.759> finally<00:15:56.160> to<00:15:56.360> address<00:15:56.680> it,<00:15:56.920> if<00:15:57.040> I<00:15:57.199> may,<00:15:57.560> sort<00:15:57.720> of,<00:15:58.160> what<00:15:58.319> do<00:15:58.480> we<00:15:58.639> now

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think<00:15:59.240> about<00:15:59.480> what<00:15:59.600> really<00:15:59.800> happens,<00:16:00.079> and<00:16:00.199> I<00:16:00.319> think<00:16:00.440> we<00:16:00.680> finally<00:16:01.240> discovered<00:16:01.920> why<00:16:02.160> these<00:16:02.399> experiences<00:16:02.959> occur,<00:16:03.800> what<00:16:04.000> they<00:16:04.199> really<00:16:05.319> mean.<00:16:06.319> So,<00:16:06.519> instead<00:16:06.800> of<00:16:07.040> having

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this<00:16:07.480> rejectionist<00:16:08.240> idea<00:16:08.560> of,<00:16:08.720> oh<00:16:08.920> well,<00:16:09.120> there,<00:16:09.360> there,<00:16:09.519> you<00:16:09.639> know,<00:16:09.880> and<00:16:09.959> trying<00:16:10.160> to<00:16:10.319> fit<00:16:10.519> it<00:16:10.639> into<00:16:10.920> models<00:16:11.319> that<00:16:11.480> don't<00:16:11.680> make<00:16:11.880> sense,<00:16:12.199> like<00:16:12.360> hallucinations<00:16:13.000> and<00:16:13.199> so<00:16:13.360> on,<00:16:13.639> what

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we've<00:16:13.959> understood<00:16:14.360> now<00:16:14.519> is,<00:16:14.639> if<00:16:14.720> you<00:16:14.880> imagine<00:16:15.279> this<00:16:15.360> is<00:16:15.880> death,<00:16:16.880> the<00:16:17.040> person<00:16:17.360> goes<00:16:17.600> into<00:16:18.079> death.<00:16:19.079> The<00:16:19.199> way<00:16:19.360> our<00:16:19.560> brain<00:16:19.839> works<00:16:20.240> right<00:16:20.360> now,<00:16:20.600> audience<00:16:21.120> yourself,<00:16:21.600> our<00:16:21.800> brains

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are<00:16:23.839> developed<00:16:24.240> in<00:16:24.360> a<00:16:24.480> way<00:16:24.680> that<00:16:24.800> we<00:16:24.920> try<00:16:25.079> to<00:16:25.240> make<00:16:25.360> the<00:16:25.519> most<00:16:25.720> meaning<00:16:26.160> and<00:16:26.360> optimize<00:16:26.839> our<00:16:27.079> situation<00:16:27.519> for<00:16:27.720> what<00:16:27.800> we<00:16:27.959> need.<00:16:28.639> So,<00:16:28.920> so<00:16:29.040> right<00:16:29.199> now,<00:16:29.399> many<00:16:29.639> of<00:16:29.759> the<00:16:29.920> functions

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of<00:16:30.440> our<00:16:30.600> brain<00:16:30.920> are<00:16:31.120> shut<00:16:31.440> down,<00:16:32.079> they're<00:16:32.360> inhibited<00:16:33.000> through<00:16:33.199> braking<00:16:33.639> systems,<00:16:34.040> so<00:16:34.199> you<00:16:34.319> and<00:16:34.440> I<00:16:34.560> can<00:16:34.800> concentrate<00:16:35.279> on<00:16:35.440> this<00:16:36.000> conversation.<00:16:37.000> In<00:16:37.199> different<00:16:37.800> circumstances,

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other<00:16:39.160> pathways<00:16:39.639> are<00:16:39.920> activated,<00:16:40.480> and<00:16:40.639> those<00:16:40.800> ones<00:16:41.000> are<00:16:41.120> shut<00:16:41.560> down.<00:16:42.560> So,<00:16:42.759> in<00:16:43.000> death,<00:16:43.759> what<00:16:43.959> happens<00:16:44.279> is,<00:16:44.519> paradoxically,<00:16:45.279> because<00:16:45.560> people<00:16:45.880> think<00:16:46.279> death<00:16:46.480> is<00:16:46.639> this<00:16:46.920> rapid

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degeneration,<00:16:47.959> which<00:16:48.079> it<00:16:48.199> is<00:16:48.680> not.<00:16:49.680> What<00:16:49.839> actually<00:16:50.120> happens<00:16:50.360> in<00:16:50.600> death<00:16:50.839> is<00:16:51.040> remarkable.<00:16:51.800> When<00:16:51.920> a<00:16:52.120> person<00:16:52.519> dies,<00:16:53.519> the<00:16:53.680> brain<00:16:54.560> switches,<00:16:55.560> so

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things<00:16:56.279> that<00:16:56.480> no<00:16:56.680> longer<00:16:57.040> matter,<00:16:57.440> like<00:16:57.639> what<00:16:57.759> you're<00:16:57.920> going<00:16:58.040> to<00:16:58.199> eat,<00:16:58.600> your<00:16:59.079> job,<00:16:59.920> your<00:17:00.360> career<00:17:00.800> status,<00:17:01.199> and<00:17:01.319> so<00:17:01.480> on<00:17:01.600> and<00:17:01.759> so<00:17:01.959> forth,<00:17:02.440> are<00:17:02.720> lost.<00:17:03.319> People<00:17:03.600> don't<00:17:03.880> have<00:17:04.039> any

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awareness<00:17:04.679> of<00:17:05.600> that.<00:17:06.600> Your<00:17:07.039> brain<00:17:07.520> stops<00:17:07.919> functioning.<00:17:08.400> From<00:17:08.600> what<00:17:08.720> we<00:17:08.799> can<00:17:08.959> measure,<00:17:09.400> there's<00:17:09.600> no<00:17:09.799> pupillary<00:17:10.360> reflex,<00:17:10.760> your<00:17:10.880> brain<00:17:11.120> stem<00:17:11.400> is<00:17:11.559> gone,<00:17:11.839> so<00:17:12.000> the<00:17:12.160> person<00:17:12.439> is

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dead.<00:17:14.039> But<00:17:14.240> in<00:17:14.439> that<00:17:14.679> state<00:17:15.720> of<00:17:16.720> death,<00:17:17.240> or<00:17:17.640> as<00:17:17.760> we<00:17:17.919> go<00:17:18.079> into<00:17:18.280> the<00:17:18.400> state<00:17:18.600> of<00:17:18.720> the<00:17:18.839> gray<00:17:19.079> zone<00:17:19.280> of<00:17:19.480> death,<00:17:20.439> other<00:17:20.919> braking<00:17:21.439> systems

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are<00:17:22.203> removed.<00:17:22.527> We<00:17:22.850> call<00:17:23.173> that<00:17:23.497> disinhibition,<00:17:23.820> and<00:17:24.143> so<00:17:24.467> one<00:17:24.790> of<00:17:25.113> the<00:17:25.437> things<00:17:25.760> you<00:17:26.083> see,<00:17:26.407> for<00:17:26.730> example,<00:17:27.053> is<00:17:27.377> that<00:17:27.700> the<00:17:28.023> brain<00:17:28.347> actually<00:17:28.670> spews<00:17:28.993> out<00:17:29.317> tremendous<00:17:29.640> amounts

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of<00:17:30.160> hormones<00:17:30.960> that<00:17:31.080> are<00:17:31.240> trying<00:17:31.520> to<00:17:31.679> save<00:17:31.960> a<00:17:32.120> person's<00:17:32.559> life.<00:17:33.480> It,<00:17:33.840> it<00:17:34.080> releases<00:17:34.919> steroids<00:17:35.520> and,<00:17:35.720> and<00:17:35.880> adrenaline,<00:17:36.400> and<00:17:36.520> so<00:17:36.679> on<00:17:36.799> and<00:17:36.919> so<00:17:37.080> forth,<00:17:37.320> and<00:17:37.400> in<00:17:37.559> many<00:17:37.799> cases,<00:17:38.120> it

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can<00:17:38.480> spontaneously<00:17:39.480> restore<00:17:39.840> life<00:17:40.120> again.<00:17:40.400> So,<00:17:40.679> so<00:17:40.880> appreciate<00:17:41.440> that<00:17:42.080> your<00:17:42.280> brain<00:17:42.520> is<00:17:42.720> designed<00:17:43.080> to<00:17:43.200> bring<00:17:43.440> you<00:17:43.600> back<00:17:43.760> to<00:17:43.960> life<00:17:44.240> again.<00:17:45.080> At<00:17:45.200> the<00:17:45.320> same<00:17:45.600> time,<00:17:45.960> genes<00:17:46.480> that

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you<00:17:46.880> had<00:17:47.200> that<00:17:47.280> were<00:17:47.480> last<00:17:47.880> active<00:17:48.200> when<00:17:48.360> you<00:17:48.440> were<00:17:48.600> a<00:17:48.760> fetus,<00:17:49.280> that<00:17:49.440> repair<00:17:50.160> damage<00:17:51.160> and<00:17:51.320> have<00:17:51.480> been<00:17:51.640> dormant<00:17:52.120> your<00:17:52.280> whole<00:17:52.559> life,<00:17:52.960> suddenly<00:17:53.360> become<00:17:53.679> active<00:17:54.039> postmortem.

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They're<00:17:55.000> trying<00:17:55.200> to<00:17:55.320> repair<00:17:55.720> any<00:17:55.919> damage<00:17:56.280> that's<00:17:56.640> occurring.<00:17:57.640> One<00:17:57.760> of<00:17:57.880> the<00:17:58.000> other<00:17:58.200> things<00:17:58.360> that's<00:17:58.520> happening<00:17:59.000> in<00:17:59.080> the<00:17:59.240> state<00:17:59.440> of<00:17:59.600> disinhibition,<00:18:00.400> the<00:18:00.600> pathways<00:18:01.000> that

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get<00:18:01.360> activated,<00:18:01.919> we<00:18:02.080> think,<00:18:03.039> is<00:18:03.320> that<00:18:04.039> it's<00:18:04.720> removing<00:18:05.360> the<00:18:05.520> braking<00:18:06.000> systems<00:18:06.559> to<00:18:06.799> your<00:18:07.039> consciousness,<00:18:07.640> as,<00:18:07.880> as<00:18:08.000> you<00:18:08.120> pointed<00:18:08.400> out,<00:18:08.559> is<00:18:08.679> holding<00:18:09.000> you<00:18:09.200> down,

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and<00:18:10.360> suddenly<00:18:10.799> a<00:18:11.000> person<00:18:11.400> finds<00:18:11.799> that<00:18:12.000> their<00:18:12.159> real<00:18:12.480> consciousness<00:18:13.200> is<00:18:14.120> vast<00:18:15.120> and<00:18:15.240> it<00:18:15.360> had<00:18:15.520> been<00:18:15.679> held<00:18:15.960> down,<00:18:16.360> and<00:18:16.480> they're<00:18:16.679> suddenly<00:18:17.120> able<00:18:17.320> to<00:18:17.480> do<00:18:17.720> things<00:18:17.960> they<00:18:18.080> couldn't

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do<00:18:18.600> before.<00:18:19.480> So<00:18:19.640> it<00:18:19.799> looks<00:18:20.080> like<00:18:20.320> in<00:18:20.600> death,<00:18:21.039> your<00:18:21.240> brain<00:18:21.520> is<00:18:21.799> preparing<00:18:22.360> you<00:18:22.520> for<00:18:22.799> a<00:18:23.000> new<00:18:23.280> reality,<00:18:23.919> and<00:18:24.120> in<00:18:24.320> that<00:18:24.559> state,<00:18:25.559> you<00:18:25.880> are<00:18:26.120> gaining<00:18:26.559> access

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to<00:18:27.176> new<00:18:27.472> dimensions<00:18:27.768> of<00:18:28.064> reality<00:18:28.360> which<00:18:28.656> suddenly<00:18:28.952> become<00:18:29.248> more<00:18:29.544> important<00:18:29.840> to<00:18:30.136> you.<00:18:30.432> And<00:18:30.728> we<00:18:31.024> have<00:18:31.320> to<00:18:31.616> ask<00:18:31.912> ourselves,<00:18:32.208> and<00:18:32.504> you<00:18:32.800> ask<00:18:33.096> me<00:18:33.392> this<00:18:33.688> question,<00:18:33.984> why<00:18:34.280> is

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it<00:18:34.600> that<00:18:34.720> suddenly<00:18:35.159> in<00:18:35.400> death<00:18:35.919> the<00:18:36.080> only<00:18:36.360> thing<00:18:36.600> that<00:18:36.799> seems<00:18:37.039> to<00:18:37.240> matter<00:18:37.559> to<00:18:37.799> people<00:18:38.240> is<00:18:38.480> how<00:18:38.720> they<00:18:38.880> were<00:18:39.480> from<00:18:39.640> a<00:18:39.880> moral<00:18:40.240> and<00:18:40.480> ethical<00:18:41.400> standard?<00:18:42.400> Nobody

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in<00:18:43.000> death,<00:18:43.280> for<00:18:43.480> example,<00:18:43.960> in<00:18:44.120> this<00:18:44.320> death<00:18:44.559> experience<00:18:45.000> that<00:18:45.120> you<00:18:45.280> talked<00:18:46.200> about,<00:18:47.200> looks<00:18:47.520> at<00:18:47.880> their<00:18:48.200> career<00:18:48.679> status.<00:18:49.240> Nobody<00:18:49.600> talks.<00:18:50.039> If<00:18:50.120> you<00:18:50.280> think<00:18:50.480> this<00:18:50.559> is<00:18:50.679> an<00:18:50.880> imaginary

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experience,<00:18:51.960> it<00:18:52.080> should<00:18:52.280> reflect<00:18:52.679> what<00:18:52.799> they<00:18:52.919> believed<00:18:53.280> in<00:18:53.480> life.<00:18:54.200> Even<00:18:54.480> religious<00:18:55.400> people,<00:18:56.400> their<00:18:56.679> description<00:18:57.159> of<00:18:57.360> this<00:18:57.559> death<00:18:57.799> experience<00:18:58.240> is<00:18:58.440> not<00:18:58.799> in<00:18:58.919> accordance

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to<00:18:59.679> what<00:18:59.799> their<00:18:59.960> religion<00:19:00.320> taught<00:19:00.640> them.<00:19:01.600> Nobody<00:19:02.600> relives<00:19:03.280> any<00:19:03.520> of<00:19:03.640> the<00:19:03.840> ritual,<00:19:04.520> ritualistic<00:19:05.400> aspects<00:19:05.799> of<00:19:05.919> their<00:19:06.080> religion,<00:19:06.520> for<00:19:06.720> example,<00:19:07.120> how<00:19:07.240> many<00:19:07.480> times<00:19:07.720> did

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I<00:19:08.039> go<00:19:08.159> to<00:19:08.280> a<00:19:08.440> place<00:19:08.600> of<00:19:08.760> worship.<00:19:09.720> What<00:19:09.840> it<00:19:10.039> all<00:19:10.400> boils,<00:19:10.919> boils<00:19:11.280> down<00:19:11.400> to<00:19:11.640> is<00:19:11.880> how<00:19:12.039> they<00:19:12.200> conducted<00:19:12.840> themselves.<00:19:13.440> So,<00:19:13.799> so<00:19:14.760> why<00:19:14.919> do<00:19:15.080> you<00:19:15.320> think<00:19:16.200> these

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questions,<00:19:17.720> this<00:19:18.240> focus<00:19:18.840> on<00:19:19.600> the<00:19:19.760> moral,<00:19:20.240> the<00:19:20.440> ethical<00:19:21.039> life,<00:19:21.320> and<00:19:21.520> how<00:19:21.640> you've<00:19:21.880> lived<00:19:22.120> your<00:19:22.480> life,<00:19:23.480> why<00:19:23.600> do<00:19:23.720> you<00:19:23.840> think<00:19:24.120> that<00:19:24.440> emerges<00:19:25.120> at

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this,<00:19:25.880> this<00:19:26.120> time?<00:19:26.919> I,<00:19:27.080> I<00:19:27.159> think<00:19:27.320> what<00:19:27.480> I<00:19:27.600> can<00:19:27.799> say<00:19:28.039> for<00:19:28.280> sure<00:19:29.200> is<00:19:29.360> that<00:19:29.480> it<00:19:29.640> emerges,<00:19:30.240> which<00:19:30.400> I<00:19:30.480> think<00:19:30.679> is,<00:19:30.919> is<00:19:31.000> a<00:19:31.120> big<00:19:31.280> enough<00:19:31.720> discovery.<00:19:32.320> I<00:19:32.440> think<00:19:32.600> hopefully<00:19:32.880> you<00:19:32.960> can<00:19:33.120> leave

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it<00:19:33.400> at<00:19:33.600> that<00:19:33.760> with<00:19:34.280> me,<00:19:35.280> um.<00:19:35.640> Maybe<00:19:35.880> you,<00:19:36.159> I<00:19:36.240> need<00:19:36.400> something<00:19:36.679> for<00:19:36.799> you<00:19:36.880> to<00:19:37.000> invite<00:19:37.240> me<00:19:37.360> back<00:19:37.480> in<00:19:37.600> 10<00:19:37.840> years<00:19:38.120> time<00:19:38.440> again,<00:19:39.000> um,<00:19:39.559> but<00:19:39.720> I<00:19:39.799> think<00:19:40.400> it's<00:19:40.520> a<00:19:40.720> question<00:19:41.080> we<00:19:41.240> have<00:19:41.360> to

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ask<00:19:41.760> and<00:19:41.919> think<00:19:42.120> about<00:19:42.320> it.<00:19:42.600> So,<00:19:42.880> what,<00:19:43.000> where<00:19:43.159> we're<00:19:43.360> at<00:19:43.600> now<00:19:43.799> today<00:19:44.080> is<00:19:44.200> we're<00:19:44.400> in<00:19:44.559> this<00:19:44.760> gray<00:19:45.000> zone<00:19:45.280> of<00:19:45.480> death.<00:19:46.159> Science<00:19:46.520> is<00:19:46.720> exploring<00:19:47.200> it,<00:19:47.960> and<00:19:48.120> we<00:19:48.320> find<00:19:48.679> that<00:19:48.840> there<00:19:49.000> is

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meaning<00:19:49.640> in<00:19:49.840> this<00:19:50.039> state.<00:19:50.679> And<00:19:50.799> so<00:19:50.960> the<00:19:51.120> question<00:19:51.400> we<00:19:51.520> have<00:19:51.640> to<00:19:51.799> ask<00:19:52.000> ourselves,<00:19:52.919> the<00:19:53.120> human<00:19:53.440> brain<00:19:54.000> that<00:19:54.120> is<00:19:54.400> always<00:19:55.320> optimized<00:19:55.919> to<00:19:56.080> make<00:19:56.280> most<00:19:56.520> meaning<00:19:56.840> out<00:19:56.960> of<00:19:57.159> every

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circumstance<00:19:58.080> in<00:19:58.280> life,<00:19:59.919> why<00:20:00.200> is<00:20:00.320> it<00:20:00.600> that<00:20:00.760> in<00:20:00.960> this<00:20:01.159> state<00:20:01.600> of<00:20:01.919> disinhibition,<00:20:02.919> not<00:20:03.360> degeneration,<00:20:04.200> in<00:20:04.360> this<00:20:04.520> state<00:20:04.720> of<00:20:04.919> gray<00:20:05.159> zone<00:20:05.360> of<00:20:05.600> death,

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it's<00:20:06.679> preparing<00:20:07.080> us<00:20:07.240> for<00:20:07.480> this,<00:20:07.679> what<00:20:07.840> looks<00:20:08.080> like<00:20:08.200> a<00:20:08.360> new<00:20:08.919> reality.<00:20:09.919> So,<00:20:10.120> and<00:20:10.280> what<00:20:10.400> we<00:20:10.600> also<00:20:10.919> know<00:20:11.240> clearly,<00:20:11.960> as<00:20:12.080> I've<00:20:12.240> explained<00:20:12.600> to<00:20:12.679> you<00:20:12.880> right<00:20:13.039> now,<00:20:13.760> is<00:20:13.919> that<00:20:14.120> again,<00:20:14.360> put

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aside<00:20:14.919> these<00:20:15.080> sort<00:20:15.280> of<00:20:15.400> social<00:20:15.760> ideas,<00:20:16.200> oh,<00:20:16.360> you're<00:20:16.559> dead,<00:20:16.880> that's<00:20:17.520> it.<00:20:18.520> When<00:20:18.720> we<00:20:18.960> die<00:20:19.200> and<00:20:19.320> we<00:20:19.480> go<00:20:19.640> beyond<00:20:19.919> the<00:20:20.080> threshold<00:20:20.520> of<00:20:20.760> death,<00:20:21.640> neither<00:20:22.159> biological<00:20:22.960> processes

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die<00:20:24.080> nor<00:20:24.360> the<00:20:24.600> cognitive<00:20:25.120> processes.<00:20:25.679> Your<00:20:25.919> consciousness<00:20:26.640> is<00:20:26.799> not<00:20:27.120> annihilated<00:20:27.720> when<00:20:27.840> you<00:20:27.960> go<00:20:28.120> through<00:20:28.360> death.<00:20:29.360> It's<00:20:29.600> absolutely<00:20:30.080> clear<00:20:30.400> now.<00:20:31.000> Clearly,<00:20:31.360> there<00:20:31.480> is,<00:20:31.880> well,

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there's<00:20:32.240> a<00:20:32.400> question<00:20:32.679> of<00:20:32.880> for<00:20:33.039> how<00:20:33.240> long.<00:20:34.159> I<00:20:34.240> was<00:20:34.360> about<00:20:34.520> to<00:20:34.600> come<00:20:34.720> to<00:20:34.880> that.<00:20:35.039> You<00:20:35.159> read<00:20:35.400> my<00:20:35.520> mind,<00:20:36.159> probably<00:20:36.440> very<00:20:36.640> talented.<00:20:37.480> So,<00:20:37.720> I<00:20:37.799> think<00:20:38.000> there's<00:20:38.240> clearly,<00:20:38.799> there<00:20:38.919> is<00:20:39.039> a<00:20:39.240> point

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in<00:20:39.640> other<00:20:39.840> words,<00:20:40.520> what<00:20:40.679> we<00:20:40.840> always<00:20:41.080> thought<00:20:41.280> of<00:20:41.480> is<00:20:41.600> that<00:20:41.760> brain<00:20:42.120> dysfunction<00:20:42.679> is<00:20:42.919> absolute,<00:20:43.440> and<00:20:43.559> what<00:20:43.640> we're<00:20:43.799> now<00:20:43.919> seeing<00:20:44.240> is<00:20:44.360> that<00:20:44.559> in<00:20:44.760> this<00:20:44.960> dysfunctional<00:20:45.640> state,

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other<00:20:46.600> functions<00:20:47.880> emerge.<00:20:48.880> Now,<00:20:49.280> again,<00:20:49.559> if<00:20:49.640> you<00:20:49.799> wait<00:20:50.039> long<00:20:50.320> enough,<00:20:50.559> there's<00:20:50.799> this<00:20:51.000> almost<00:20:51.280> like<00:20:51.440> this<00:20:51.640> inflection<00:20:52.120> point.<00:20:52.320> There's<00:20:52.520> this<00:20:52.799> optimal<00:20:53.320> state<00:20:54.200> in<00:20:54.440> which

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after<00:20:55.720> that,<00:20:56.080> we<00:20:56.320> can<00:20:56.559> no<00:20:56.760> longer<00:20:57.159> study.<00:20:57.720> Like,<00:20:57.880> we<00:20:58.039> can't<00:20:58.280> study<00:20:58.840> people<00:20:59.320> who<00:20:59.520> go<00:20:59.799> way<00:21:00.000> beyond.<00:21:00.480> At<00:21:00.679> this<00:21:00.799> point,<00:21:01.000> we<00:21:01.120> can't<00:21:01.320> bring<00:21:01.520> them<00:21:01.880> back,<00:21:02.880> but<00:21:03.000> it<00:21:03.120> is<00:21:03.360> clear

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that<00:21:04.320> there<00:21:04.440> is<00:21:04.600> a<00:21:04.799> point<00:21:05.120> in<00:21:05.320> that<00:21:05.520> dysfunctional<00:21:06.240> state<00:21:06.600> in<00:21:07.200> death<00:21:08.200> that<00:21:08.360> is<00:21:08.520> leading<00:21:08.840> to<00:21:09.000> a<00:21:09.159> heightened<00:21:09.600> sense<00:21:09.919> of<00:21:10.240> consciousness,<00:21:11.240> and<00:21:11.440> that<00:21:11.720> consciousness<00:21:12.360> does

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not<00:21:12.840> become<00:21:13.360> annihilated,<00:21:14.360> and<00:21:14.559> that<00:21:14.679> it<00:21:14.880> develops<00:21:15.360> into<00:21:15.679> a<00:21:15.919> new<00:21:16.520> sort<00:21:16.720> of<00:21:16.960> capacity<00:21:17.520> that<00:21:17.640> was<00:21:17.799> otherwise<00:21:18.240> felt<00:21:18.480> to<00:21:18.600> be<00:21:19.120> dormant.<00:21:20.120> So,<00:21:20.360> earlier<00:21:20.960> you

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said<00:21:21.720> that<00:21:22.720> these<00:21:22.880> were<00:21:23.120> science<00:21:23.520> questions<00:21:24.000> now,<00:21:24.360> and<00:21:24.440> that<00:21:24.600> we<00:21:24.679> should<00:21:24.919> take<00:21:25.159> some<00:21:25.279> of<00:21:25.440> these<00:21:25.679> questions<00:21:26.200> out<00:21:26.480> of<00:21:27.080> philosophy,<00:21:27.880> out<00:21:28.080> of<00:21:28.600> religion,<00:21:29.279> because

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they've<00:21:29.919> been<00:21:30.200> sort<00:21:30.360> of<00:21:30.640> distorted,<00:21:31.559> uh,<00:21:31.720> and<00:21:31.919> yet<00:21:32.279> it<00:21:32.440> seems<00:21:32.840> like<00:21:33.360> we're<00:21:33.679> back<00:21:33.919> there<00:21:34.679> in<00:21:34.919> philosophy,<00:21:35.799> in<00:21:36.240> religion,<00:21:37.000> in<00:21:37.279> what<00:21:37.440> we<00:21:37.600> make<00:21:37.840> of

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what<00:21:38.400> I<00:21:38.480> would<00:21:38.640> call<00:21:38.960> spiritual<00:21:39.440> experience<00:21:39.880> here,<00:21:40.120> because<00:21:40.360> there's<00:21:40.559> only<00:21:40.799> so<00:21:40.960> much<00:21:41.240> that<00:21:41.440> science<00:21:41.760> can<00:21:41.960> explain<00:21:42.440> about<00:21:43.120> these<00:21:43.480> probably<00:21:43.960> few<00:21:44.279> hours<00:21:45.159> after<00:21:45.760> someone

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has<00:21:47.080> died,<00:21:47.480> has<00:21:47.720> had<00:21:48.000> cardiac<00:21:48.520> arrest,<00:21:49.120> and<00:21:49.320> the<00:21:49.480> question<00:21:49.960> obviously<00:21:50.559> is,<00:21:50.919> what<00:21:51.080> happens<00:21:51.400> to<00:21:51.640> consciousness<00:21:52.600> after<00:21:53.600> that?<00:21:54.600> Well,<00:21:54.960> again,

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I<00:21:55.279> think<00:21:55.480> we<00:21:55.559> can<00:21:55.760> only<00:21:56.039> extrapolate<00:21:56.520> what<00:21:56.640> we've<00:21:56.760> learned<00:21:57.039> so<00:21:57.240> far.<00:21:57.480> But<00:21:57.600> if<00:21:57.679> you<00:21:57.840> think<00:21:58.039> about<00:21:58.240> the<00:21:58.360> way,<00:21:58.679> way<00:21:58.880> we<00:21:59.120> perceive<00:21:59.720> about<00:22:00.240> death,<00:22:00.720> so<00:22:00.960> think<00:22:01.159> about<00:22:01.360> it,<00:22:01.559> if<00:22:01.679> you

00:22:01.840 --> 00:22:10.320
think<00:22:02.000> of<00:22:02.240> death<00:22:02.600> here<00:22:03.000> and<00:22:03.159> now,<00:22:03.320> you're<00:22:04.919> degrading.<00:22:05.919> What<00:22:06.080> would<00:22:06.200> you<00:22:06.480> anticipate<00:22:07.240> based<00:22:07.520> upon<00:22:07.799> that<00:22:08.000> model,<00:22:08.919> that<00:22:09.120> consciousness<00:22:09.760> is<00:22:09.919> produced

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by<00:22:10.400> the<00:22:10.520> brain,<00:22:10.760> if<00:22:10.919> people<00:22:11.159> believe<00:22:11.679> that,<00:22:12.679> which<00:22:12.799> is<00:22:13.000> debated,<00:22:13.400> of<00:22:13.520> course.<00:22:13.720> But<00:22:13.840> if<00:22:13.960> you<00:22:14.080> believe<00:22:14.360> that<00:22:14.559> for<00:22:14.679> a<00:22:15.559> moment,<00:22:16.559> what<00:22:16.679> would<00:22:16.840> you,<00:22:17.159> as<00:22:17.279> your<00:22:17.480> brain<00:22:17.799> function<00:22:18.200> is

00:22:18.559 --> 00:22:26.320
degrading,<00:22:19.559> what<00:22:19.679> would<00:22:19.799> you<00:22:20.000> expect<00:22:20.240> to<00:22:20.400> happen<00:22:20.600> to<00:22:20.720> your<00:22:21.720> consciousness?<00:22:22.720> Would<00:22:22.880> it<00:22:23.039> become<00:22:23.360> heightened<00:22:24.000> and<00:22:24.279> vast<00:22:24.720> and<00:22:24.880> more<00:22:25.120> powerful<00:22:25.480> than<00:22:25.600> it's<00:22:25.799> ever<00:22:26.000> been<00:22:26.200> in

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your<00:22:27.000> normal<00:22:27.360> living<00:22:27.720> state,<00:22:28.279> or<00:22:28.600> would<00:22:28.720> it<00:22:28.880> also<00:22:29.200> become<00:22:29.520> diminished<00:22:29.960> and<00:22:30.120> degraded?<00:22:30.679> And<00:22:30.760> the<00:22:30.919> reality<00:22:31.360> that<00:22:31.480> we<00:22:31.600> see<00:22:31.880> is<00:22:32.080> that<00:22:32.799> in<00:22:33.080> death,<00:22:33.480> as,<00:22:33.640> as<00:22:33.720> I<00:22:33.880> said,<00:22:34.760> paradoxically,

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people's<00:22:36.159> consciousness<00:22:36.799> does<00:22:36.960> not<00:22:37.159> start<00:22:37.360> to<00:22:37.559> wither<00:22:37.919> away.<00:22:38.240> If<00:22:38.440> anything,<00:22:38.799> it<00:22:38.960> becomes<00:22:39.279> released,<00:22:40.200> more<00:22:40.919> vast<00:22:41.400> and,<00:22:41.640> and<00:22:41.760> more<00:22:41.960> powerful<00:22:42.400> than<00:22:42.520> it<00:22:42.720> has<00:22:42.880> been.<00:22:43.640> So,<00:22:44.000> it

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tells<00:22:44.360> us<00:22:44.640> something,<00:22:45.039> which<00:22:45.159> is<00:22:45.400> that<00:22:45.679> obviously<00:22:46.200> human<00:22:46.520> consciousness<00:22:47.159> is<00:22:47.279> a<00:22:48.080> mystery,<00:22:49.080> and<00:22:49.360> the<00:22:49.559> idea<00:22:49.960> that<00:22:50.080> it's<00:22:50.279> simply<00:22:50.600> produced<00:22:51.039> by<00:22:51.159> the<00:22:51.279> brain<00:22:51.520> and<00:22:51.679> therefore

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dies<00:22:52.320> when<00:22:52.520> the<00:22:52.720> bra,<00:22:53.080> when<00:22:53.200> the<00:22:53.279> brain<00:22:53.520> is<00:22:53.679> dying,<00:22:53.960> or<00:22:54.120> dies,<00:22:54.840> is<00:22:55.080> clearly<00:22:55.480> questionable<00:22:56.080> and<00:22:56.320> not<00:22:56.559> correct<00:22:56.919> in<00:22:57.080> my<00:22:57.240> opinion,<00:22:58.600> um,<00:22:58.760> and<00:22:58.840> we've<00:22:59.039> opened<00:22:59.320> up<00:22:59.440> a<00:22:59.600> whole<00:22:59.799> new<00:23:00.120> vast

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and<00:23:00.799> new<00:23:01.080> frontier<00:23:01.559> of<00:23:01.720> scientific<00:23:02.159> research.<00:23:02.559> And<00:23:02.679> so<00:23:02.840> what<00:23:02.919> it<00:23:03.039> means<00:23:03.360> is<00:23:04.120> that<00:23:04.320> we<00:23:04.480> need<00:23:05.480> to<00:23:06.200> explore<00:23:06.840> this<00:23:07.080> question,<00:23:07.799> and<00:23:08.080> you<00:23:08.240> talked<00:23:08.480> about<00:23:08.720> religion

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and<00:23:09.320> philosophy<00:23:09.799> and<00:23:09.919> so<00:23:10.080> on.<00:23:10.279> Of<00:23:10.400> course,<00:23:10.720> science<00:23:11.080> doesn't<00:23:11.440> just<00:23:11.640> own<00:23:11.960> what<00:23:12.080> happens<00:23:12.400> when<00:23:12.520> we<00:23:12.720> die.<00:23:13.360> People<00:23:13.600> have<00:23:13.760> thought<00:23:14.000> about<00:23:14.240> this<00:23:14.480> for<00:23:14.640> millennia,<00:23:15.240> you<00:23:15.360> know,<00:23:15.600> from

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from<00:23:16.357> religious<00:23:16.835> traditions<00:23:17.312> to<00:23:17.789> philosophical<00:23:18.266> traditions,<00:23:18.744> um.<00:23:19.221> More<00:23:19.698> recently,<00:23:20.175> psychologists,<00:23:20.653> anthropologists,<00:23:21.130> everyone's<00:23:21.607> interested<00:23:22.084> in<00:23:22.562> this.<00:23:23.039> Who

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isn't<00:23:23.440> interested<00:23:23.840> in<00:23:23.960> this<00:23:24.159> question,<00:23:24.600> right?<00:23:25.559> So,<00:23:25.960> the<00:23:26.120> thing<00:23:26.279> to<00:23:26.480> realize,<00:23:27.000> though,<00:23:27.200> is<00:23:27.440> that<00:23:28.520> there<00:23:28.600> is<00:23:28.720> a<00:23:28.840> new<00:23:29.120> science,<00:23:29.960> and<00:23:30.120> it's<00:23:30.320> not<00:23:30.559> as<00:23:30.720> people<00:23:31.039> perceived,<00:23:31.760> and

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it<00:23:32.000> is<00:23:32.200> not<00:23:32.400> the<00:23:32.559> end,<00:23:33.240> and<00:23:33.360> from<00:23:33.559> what<00:23:33.679> we<00:23:33.799> can<00:23:33.960> see,<00:23:34.320> there's<00:23:34.480> a<00:23:34.679> whole<00:23:35.000> vast<00:23:35.279> new<00:23:35.559> area<00:23:36.159> that<00:23:36.279> is<00:23:36.480> being<00:23:37.279> developed.<00:23:38.279> So,<00:23:38.480> Sam,<00:23:38.799> we<00:23:38.960> started<00:23:39.799> with<00:23:40.120> your

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own<00:23:40.600> story,<00:23:41.159> how<00:23:41.360> you<00:23:41.559> became<00:23:41.919> interested<00:23:42.400> in<00:23:42.600> this<00:23:42.799> whole<00:23:43.240> area<00:23:43.840> of<00:23:44.279> death<00:23:44.720> and<00:23:45.080> resuscitation<00:23:45.919> medicine,<00:23:46.799> what<00:23:47.039> happens<00:23:47.720> after<00:23:48.120> this,<00:23:48.919> um.

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What<00:23:50.039> are<00:23:50.159> your<00:23:50.320> takeaways<00:23:51.120> from<00:23:51.559> 30<00:23:51.960> years<00:23:52.279> of<00:23:52.600> studying<00:23:53.120> all<00:23:53.240> of<00:23:53.400> this?<00:23:53.559> I<00:23:53.640> mean,<00:23:53.799> what,<00:23:54.039> what<00:23:54.120> does<00:23:54.320> that<00:23:54.520> mean<00:23:55.039> for<00:23:55.279> you?<00:23:55.600> How<00:23:55.760> you<00:23:55.919> think<00:23:56.120> about<00:23:56.360> life,<00:23:56.559> how<00:23:56.720> you<00:23:56.840> think

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do<00:24:10.559> crazy<00:24:10.880> things<00:24:11.039> that<00:24:11.159> you<00:24:11.240> would<00:24:11.360> otherwise<00:24:11.720> not<00:24:12.000> do,<00:24:12.440> and<00:24:12.799> sometimes<00:24:13.039> they<00:24:13.200> turn<00:24:13.440> into<00:24:13.720> something<00:24:14.000> useful.<00:24:14.520> I<00:24:14.600> don't<00:24:14.760> think,<00:24:15.640> you<00:24:15.760> know,<00:24:15.960> my<00:24:16.120> current<00:24:16.440> self<00:24:16.720> would<00:24:16.880> have

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talked<00:24:40.120> about,<00:24:41.120> but<00:24:41.320> how<00:24:41.480> does<00:24:41.640> this<00:24:41.880> apply<00:24:42.120> to<00:24:42.279> each<00:24:42.440> of<00:24:42.559> us?<00:24:42.679> How<00:24:42.799> does<00:24:42.960> it<00:24:43.080> apply<00:24:43.320> to<00:24:43.440> me<00:24:43.600> as<00:24:43.679> a<00:24:43.799> human<00:24:44.000> being?<00:24:44.240> And<00:24:44.360> I<00:24:44.520> really,<00:24:44.880> re,<00:24:45.159> and<00:24:45.240> I<00:24:45.360> really<00:24:45.520> lived<00:24:45.840> this.<00:24:46.000> I<00:24:46.039> don't<00:24:46.159> think

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you<00:24:46.399> and<00:24:46.520> I<00:24:46.679> talked<00:24:46.960> about<00:24:47.200> this,<00:24:47.320> but<00:24:47.480> during<00:24:47.880> COVID,<00:24:48.880> because<00:24:49.120> I<00:24:49.240> was<00:24:49.399> on<00:24:49.520> the<00:24:49.600> front<00:24:49.880> lines<00:24:50.159> of<00:24:50.279> the<00:24:50.440> ICU,<00:24:51.120> and<00:24:51.320> when<00:24:51.440> it<00:24:51.600> first<00:24:51.840> started<00:24:52.159> and<00:24:52.320> it<00:24:52.440> hit<00:24:52.640> New<00:24:52.799> York,<00:24:53.080> as<00:24:53.159> you

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be<00:25:10.200> around<00:25:10.440> in<00:25:10.600> two<00:25:10.799> months.<00:25:11.799> And<00:25:11.919> so<00:25:12.120> many<00:25:12.320> of<00:25:12.440> us<00:25:12.600> started<00:25:12.919> to<00:25:13.200> ask<00:25:13.520> these<00:25:13.720> deeper<00:25:14.120> existential<00:25:14.760> questions,<00:25:15.200> because<00:25:15.480> suddenly<00:25:16.120> nothing<00:25:16.399> else<00:25:16.640> mattered<00:25:17.080> other<00:25:17.279> than

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does<00:25:34.440> matter<00:25:35.279> to<00:25:35.600> everybody,<00:25:36.480> because<00:25:36.799> here<00:25:37.000> I<00:25:37.159> was,<00:25:37.360> suddenly<00:25:37.840> no<00:25:38.039> longer<00:25:38.440> that<00:25:38.640> doctor<00:25:38.919> or<00:25:39.120> scientist.<00:25:39.600> I<00:25:39.720> was<00:25:39.840> the<00:25:40.000> human<00:25:40.240> being<00:25:40.600> who<00:25:40.760> was<00:25:40.960> potentially<00:25:41.399> facing<00:25:42.000> death.

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00:26:00.000 --> 00:26:06.840
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I'm<00:26:22.640> dealing<00:26:22.960> with<00:26:23.159> others,<00:26:23.799> you<00:26:23.960> know,<00:26:24.200> again,<00:26:24.520> people<00:26:24.760> frustrate<00:26:25.240> you,<00:26:25.480> you're<00:26:25.720> at<00:26:25.880> home,<00:26:26.240> at<00:26:26.399> work,<00:26:26.720> and<00:26:26.840> so<00:26:27.039> on,<00:26:27.760> but<00:26:27.880> I<00:26:28.000> always<00:26:28.360> try<00:26:28.520> to<00:26:28.640> remember,<00:26:28.960> I'm<00:26:29.120> like,<00:26:29.360> how<00:26:29.520> would

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you<00:26:29.880> look<00:26:30.039> at<00:26:30.399> yourself<00:26:31.399> when<00:26:31.559> you're<00:26:31.799> about<00:26:32.000> to<00:26:32.159> snap<00:26:32.520> at<00:26:32.679> somebody?<00:26:33.440> Are<00:26:33.600> you<00:26:33.760> being<00:26:34.000> empathetic<00:26:34.480> to<00:26:34.640> their<00:26:34.840> problems?<00:26:35.200> Are<00:26:35.279> you<00:26:35.399> being<00:26:35.600> more<00:26:36.039> understanding<00:26:36.399> about

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the<00:26:36.720> pain?<00:26:37.440> And<00:26:37.600> I<00:26:37.720> try<00:26:37.919> to<00:26:38.080> put<00:26:38.279> picture<00:26:38.559> of<00:26:38.720> myself,<00:26:39.000> and<00:26:39.120> I<00:26:39.240> try<00:26:39.399> to<00:26:39.600> change<00:26:40.000> the<00:26:40.120> way<00:26:40.320> I<00:26:40.440> am,<00:26:41.399> um,<00:26:41.760> to<00:26:41.960> the<00:26:42.120> best<00:26:42.760> of<00:26:42.919> my<00:26:43.080> ability,<00:26:43.559> which<00:26:43.679> is<00:26:43.840> obviously<00:26:44.120> not<00:26:44.279> always<00:26:44.520> easy.

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way<00:26:54.000> you've<00:26:54.240> talked<00:26:54.520> about<00:26:54.799> death<00:26:55.080> here,<00:26:55.760> it<00:26:55.840> doesn't<00:26:56.080> sound<00:26:56.320> so<00:26:56.600> bad.<00:26:56.960> In<00:26:57.080> fact,<00:26:57.399> it<00:26:57.520> sounds<00:26:57.880> kind<00:26:58.000> of<00:26:58.240> wonderful.<00:26:58.720> You're<00:26:58.880> the<00:26:58.960> one<00:26:59.080> who<00:26:59.200> said<00:26:59.360> it<00:26:59.440> was<00:26:59.640> bad.<00:26:59.840> I<00:27:00.000> never<00:27:00.200> said

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it<00:27:00.480> was<00:27:00.720> bad.<00:27:01.600> So,<00:27:01.919> I<00:27:02.120> guess<00:27:03.000> I'm<00:27:03.240> wondering,<00:27:03.799> I<00:27:03.880> mean,<00:27:04.840> do<00:27:04.960> you<00:27:05.080> look<00:27:05.240> forward<00:27:05.520> to<00:27:05.640> your<00:27:05.760> own<00:27:06.320> death?<00:27:07.320> So,<00:27:07.679> I<00:27:07.799> don't<00:27:08.559> know.

00:27:08.840 --> 00:27:14.960
I<00:27:08.919> mean,<00:27:09.039> I've<00:27:09.200> heard,<00:27:09.600> I'll<00:27:09.679> be<00:27:09.799> honest<00:27:10.000> with<00:27:10.120> you,<00:27:10.240> the<00:27:10.399> people<00:27:10.720> who've<00:27:11.039> had,<00:27:11.440> um,<00:27:11.640> death<00:27:12.000> recall<00:27:12.480> experiences<00:27:12.919> of<00:27:13.120> death,<00:27:13.640> and<00:27:13.720> the<00:27:13.799> reason<00:27:14.000> I<00:27:14.120> don't<00:27:14.279> call<00:27:14.399> it<00:27:14.520> near-death

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experience,<00:27:15.360> by<00:27:15.440> the<00:27:15.520> way,<00:27:15.679> is<00:27:15.799> because,<00:27:16.039> as<00:27:16.120> I've<00:27:16.279> tried<00:27:16.480> to<00:27:16.600> explain<00:27:16.880> to<00:27:17.000> you,<00:27:17.760> when<00:27:18.000> people<00:27:18.360> die,<00:27:19.200> they're<00:27:19.440> really<00:27:19.919> dead<00:27:20.520> biologically,<00:27:21.520> and<00:27:21.640> we<00:27:21.720> need<00:27:21.880> to<00:27:22.000> get<00:27:22.240> away<00:27:22.440> with

00:27:22.640 --> 00:27:30.679
this<00:27:22.840> idea<00:27:23.200> of,<00:27:23.480> you<00:27:23.559> know,<00:27:23.760> you<00:27:23.919> can't<00:27:24.159> go<00:27:24.279> beyond<00:27:24.640> death.<00:27:24.880> You<00:27:25.039> really<00:27:25.240> can<00:27:25.440> go<00:27:25.600> beyond<00:27:26.000> death,<00:27:26.880> um,<00:27:27.039> and<00:27:27.240> also<00:27:27.559> because<00:27:27.720> it's<00:27:27.840> more<00:27:28.240> accurate.<00:27:28.600> In<00:27:28.720> other<00:27:28.880> words,<00:27:29.679> we're<00:27:29.919> recognizing

00:27:30.679 --> 00:27:36.559
people's<00:27:31.159> recalled<00:27:31.880> experiences<00:27:32.440> of<00:27:32.600> their<00:27:32.880> death,<00:27:33.640> so<00:27:33.799> it's<00:27:33.880> a<00:27:34.000> much<00:27:34.120> more<00:27:34.320> accurate<00:27:34.640> way<00:27:34.760> of<00:27:34.880> looking<00:27:35.120> at<00:27:35.200> it,<00:27:35.320> and<00:27:35.399> we<00:27:35.480> don't<00:27:35.600> have<00:27:35.679> to<00:27:35.799> debate<00:27:36.080> anymore<00:27:36.399> whether<00:27:36.520> it

00:27:36.559 --> 00:27:44.000
was<00:27:36.720> before<00:27:37.039> death,<00:27:37.320> after<00:27:37.600> death,<00:27:37.840> here,<00:27:38.440> or,<00:27:38.640> you<00:27:38.760> know,<00:27:39.000> a,<00:27:39.200> a<00:27:39.440> quote<00:27:39.679> near-death<00:27:40.200> experience,<00:27:40.640> during<00:27:40.880> a<00:27:41.000> psychedelic<00:27:41.679> experience,<00:27:42.320> during<00:27:42.519> a<00:27:42.640> dream,<00:27:43.080> that<00:27:43.360> you're<00:27:43.480> saying

00:27:44.000 --> 00:27:52.279
no,<00:27:44.240> that's<00:27:44.399> a<00:27:44.519> whole<00:27:44.720> different<00:27:45.000> kind<00:27:45.120> of<00:27:45.279> thing.<00:27:46.000> Yes,<00:27:46.640> yes,<00:27:47.399> um.<00:27:48.399> I<00:27:48.519> now<00:27:48.679> forgot<00:27:48.919> what<00:27:49.000> you<00:27:49.159> asking<00:27:49.360> me<00:27:49.480> first,<00:27:49.760> but<00:27:50.039> with<00:27:50.279> respect<00:27:50.600> to<00:27:50.760> psychedelics,<00:27:51.760> well,<00:27:52.159> I

00:27:52.279 --> 00:27:57.919
was<00:27:52.519> asking,<00:27:52.960> are<00:27:53.080> you<00:27:53.240> looking<00:27:53.480> forward<00:27:53.799> to<00:27:54.120> your<00:27:54.240> own<00:27:54.480> death?<00:27:54.840> So,<00:27:55.000> so<00:27:55.159> the<00:27:55.279> people<00:27:55.480> who<00:27:55.600> have<00:27:55.720> had<00:27:55.880> these<00:27:56.000> recalled<00:27:56.440> experiences<00:27:56.880> of<00:27:57.039> death,<00:27:57.279> I've<00:27:57.399> heard<00:27:57.559> some<00:27:57.679> of<00:27:57.799> them

00:27:57.919 --> 00:28:05.600
say,<00:27:58.200> say<00:27:58.320> that<00:27:58.440> I'm<00:27:58.559> not<00:27:58.720> afraid<00:27:59.000> of<00:27:59.159> death.<00:27:59.399> They<00:27:59.559> really<00:27:59.720> are<00:27:59.960> transformed<00:28:00.600> and<00:28:01.279> changed,<00:28:02.279> um.<00:28:02.760> They<00:28:03.000> develop<00:28:03.720> a<00:28:03.840> greater<00:28:04.120> sense<00:28:04.320> of<00:28:04.440> meaning<00:28:04.720> and<00:28:04.880> purpose<00:28:05.200> to<00:28:05.399> their

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lives,<00:28:06.080> um.<00:28:06.399> They<00:28:06.559> become<00:28:06.919> less<00:28:07.600> materialistic,<00:28:08.279> they're<00:28:08.440> more<00:28:08.640> altruistic,<00:28:09.360> they're<00:28:09.519> more<00:28:09.679> engaged<00:28:10.159> with<00:28:10.480> helping<00:28:10.840> others,<00:28:11.120> and<00:28:11.279> so<00:28:11.480> on,<00:28:11.960> and<00:28:12.080> they're<00:28:12.200> not<00:28:12.360> afraid<00:28:12.640> of

00:28:12.799 --> 00:28:20.760
death.<00:28:13.720> I<00:28:13.799> don't<00:28:14.000> think<00:28:14.240> of<00:28:14.360> it<00:28:14.480> that<00:28:14.640> way<00:28:14.760> so<00:28:14.960> much<00:28:15.240> myself.<00:28:15.600> I'm<00:28:15.760> still,<00:28:16.080> I<00:28:16.159> guess,<00:28:16.360> as<00:28:16.440> you've<00:28:16.640> seen,<00:28:16.840> I'm<00:28:16.960> so<00:28:17.240> engaged<00:28:17.760> with<00:28:18.080> my<00:28:18.279> life<00:28:18.559> in<00:28:18.679> terms<00:28:19.000> of<00:28:19.799> both<00:28:20.039> my<00:28:20.200> family.<00:28:20.559> I<00:28:20.640> have

00:28:20.760 --> 00:28:28.320
a<00:28:21.023> small<00:28:21.286> child,<00:28:21.549> um,<00:28:21.811> but<00:28:22.074> also,<00:28:22.337> I,<00:28:22.600> I<00:28:22.863> want<00:28:23.126> to<00:28:23.389> take<00:28:23.651> this<00:28:23.914> field<00:28:24.177> somewhere<00:28:24.440> in<00:28:24.703> the<00:28:24.966> next<00:28:25.229> 20<00:28:25.491> years<00:28:25.754> before<00:28:26.017> I'm<00:28:26.280> forced<00:28:26.543> to<00:28:26.806> retire,<00:28:27.069> probably,<00:28:27.331> or,<00:28:27.594> or<00:28:27.857> ill<00:28:28.120> health,

00:28:28.320 --> 00:28:35.080
forces<00:28:28.640> me<00:28:28.799> to<00:28:28.919> do<00:28:29.159> that.<00:28:29.840> So,<00:28:30.039> I<00:28:30.120> don't<00:28:30.279> necessarily<00:28:30.640> look<00:28:30.799> forward<00:28:31.120> to<00:28:31.279> it,<00:28:31.519> but<00:28:31.679> I'm<00:28:31.799> not<00:28:31.960> afraid<00:28:32.240> of<00:28:32.360> it,<00:28:32.480> if<00:28:32.600> that's<00:28:32.760> what<00:28:32.840> you're<00:28:33.039> asking<00:28:33.320> me.<00:28:33.960> I,<00:28:34.120> I<00:28:34.240> now<00:28:34.480> recognize<00:28:34.960> that

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it's<00:28:35.320> nothing<00:28:35.600> to<00:28:35.760> be<00:28:35.880> afraid<00:28:36.240> of,<00:28:36.440> and<00:28:36.559> I<00:28:36.720> recognize<00:28:37.279> that,<00:28:37.480> again,<00:28:38.279> based<00:28:38.559> upon<00:28:38.760> all<00:28:38.919> the<00:28:39.039> data<00:28:39.320> that<00:28:39.399> we've<00:28:39.880> studied,<00:28:40.880> um.<00:28:41.159> Again,<00:28:42.000> I<00:28:42.080> don't<00:28:42.279> think<00:28:42.559> my<00:28:42.720> consciousness<00:28:43.240> is

00:28:43.360 --> 00:28:51.559
going<00:28:43.519> to<00:28:43.720> die,<00:28:43.919> and<00:28:44.080> I<00:28:44.200> think<00:28:44.360> I'm<00:28:44.519> going<00:28:44.600> to<00:28:44.760> experience<00:28:45.240> something<00:28:45.640> much<00:28:45.799> more<00:28:46.200> powerful<00:28:47.200> than<00:28:47.360> I'm<00:28:47.519> able<00:28:47.760> to<00:28:48.000> experience<00:28:48.519> right<00:28:50.080> now.<00:28:51.080> Okay,<00:28:51.360> with

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that,<00:28:51.840> I<00:28:52.000> think<00:28:52.279> we<00:28:52.360> should<00:28:52.640> open<00:28:52.840> it<00:28:53.000> up<00:28:53.200> to<00:28:53.679> questions<00:28:54.320> from<00:28:54.519> our<00:28:54.720> audience<00:28:55.120> here,<00:28:55.320> because<00:28:55.480> I'm<00:28:55.640> guessing<00:28:56.000> that<00:28:56.240> people<00:28:56.480> will<00:28:56.760> have<00:28:57.399> a<00:28:57.480> few<00:28:57.679> things<00:28:57.880> to,<00:28:58.120> to<00:28:58.279> say,<00:28:58.600> and<00:28:58.880> you

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have<00:28:59.159> to<00:28:59.320> wait<00:28:59.519> for<00:28:59.840> microphones<00:29:00.480> here,<00:29:00.679> so<00:29:00.919> we<00:29:01.120> have<00:29:01.320> some<00:29:01.559> roving<00:29:02.039> mics,<00:29:02.720> and,<00:29:03.200> uh,<00:29:03.640> let's<00:29:04.000> go<00:29:04.640> to<00:29:04.799> the<00:29:04.919> front<00:29:05.279> right.

00:29:09.519 --> 00:29:15.760
here.<00:29:10.519> Steve<00:29:10.840> asked<00:29:11.039> me<00:29:11.159> a<00:29:11.279> question,<00:29:11.559> you<00:29:11.679> know,<00:29:11.799> so,<00:29:11.960> do<00:29:12.039> you<00:29:12.159> believe<00:29:12.360> in<00:29:12.519> life<00:29:12.720> after<00:29:13.039> death?<00:29:13.200> He<00:29:13.360> asked<00:29:13.559> me,<00:29:13.720> and<00:29:13.799> I<00:29:13.880> said,<00:29:14.080> I<00:29:14.200> don't<00:29:14.360> really<00:29:14.559> like<00:29:14.720> the<00:29:14.840> way<00:29:14.960> you<00:29:15.080> ask<00:29:15.360> that

00:29:15.760 --> 00:29:24.440
question,<00:29:16.760> because<00:29:17.039> I've<00:29:17.200> been<00:29:17.320> so<00:29:17.799> engaged<00:29:18.799> in<00:29:19.000> what<00:29:19.159> I<00:29:19.320> do<00:29:20.240> that<00:29:20.399> I've<00:29:20.600> actually<00:29:20.840> put<00:29:21.000> aside<00:29:21.360> belief.<00:29:22.000> I<00:29:22.120> don't<00:29:22.279> even<00:29:22.480> like<00:29:22.640> the<00:29:22.760> word<00:29:22.960> belief.<00:29:23.440> I<00:29:23.600> only,<00:29:24.039> I'm

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I'm,<00:29:25.120> everything<00:29:25.480> I<00:29:25.640> said<00:29:26.039> tonight<00:29:26.919> is<00:29:27.080> based<00:29:27.360> upon<00:29:27.600> data,<00:29:28.120> research,<00:29:28.440> and<00:29:28.600> science<00:29:28.960> that<00:29:29.080> I've<00:29:29.200> been<00:29:29.320> engaged<00:29:29.760> with.<00:29:30.640> Now,<00:29:31.519> if<00:29:31.640> you<00:29:31.840> go<00:29:32.039> through<00:29:32.240> to<00:29:32.440> the

00:29:32.640 --> 00:29:38.840
testimonies<00:29:33.200> of<00:29:33.360> people<00:29:33.600> that<00:29:33.720> we've<00:29:33.919> studied,<00:29:34.320> what<00:29:34.480> they<00:29:34.679> describe,<00:29:35.159> and<00:29:35.320> again,<00:29:35.519> I<00:29:35.640> couldn't<00:29:35.880> cover<00:29:36.279> everything,<00:29:36.640> but<00:29:36.799> they<00:29:37.000> describe<00:29:37.360> an<00:29:37.840> understanding<00:29:38.200> in<00:29:38.360> that

00:29:38.840 --> 00:29:47.240
state<00:29:39.840> that<00:29:40.000> there<00:29:40.159> is<00:29:40.279> a<00:29:40.919> source,<00:29:41.919> and<00:29:42.080> they<00:29:42.240> talk<00:29:42.480> about<00:29:42.640> a<00:29:42.799> source.<00:29:43.159> They<00:29:43.279> describe<00:29:43.679> seeing<00:29:44.080> entities<00:29:44.559> that<00:29:44.640> are<00:29:44.840> luminous,<00:29:45.480> kind,<00:29:45.760> and<00:29:46.039> compassionate,<00:29:47.039> who

00:29:47.240 --> 00:29:54.399
have<00:29:47.360> a<00:29:47.519> much<00:29:47.760> higher<00:29:48.039> grade<00:29:48.279> of<00:29:48.480> magnitude<00:29:49.039> than<00:29:49.200> they<00:29:49.320> do,<00:29:49.600> who<00:29:49.799> help<00:29:50.080> them<00:29:50.240> and<00:29:50.480> guide<00:29:50.760> them<00:29:50.919> with<00:29:51.039> their<00:29:51.200> review<00:29:51.519> of<00:29:51.640> their<00:29:51.840> life.<00:29:52.720> And<00:29:52.880> at<00:29:53.000> the<00:29:53.120> same<00:29:53.399> time,<00:29:53.640> they<00:29:53.840> recognize

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that,<00:29:54.559> and<00:29:54.720> those<00:29:54.880> are<00:29:55.159> considered<00:29:55.519> to<00:29:55.600> be<00:29:55.960> way<00:29:56.200> higher<00:29:56.519> than<00:29:56.880> themselves.<00:29:58.360> They<00:29:58.720> sometimes<00:29:59.000> describe<00:29:59.360> them<00:29:59.519> as<00:29:59.760> perfect.<00:30:00.279> They<00:30:00.440> describe<00:30:00.799> them<00:30:00.919> as<00:30:01.039> being<00:30:01.320> incredibly

00:30:01.919 --> 00:30:10.000
compassionate,<00:30:02.559> kind,<00:30:02.880> and<00:30:03.080> so<00:30:03.240> on,<00:30:04.120> but<00:30:04.320> yet<00:30:04.840> underlying<00:30:05.399> it<00:30:05.519> all,<00:30:05.720> they<00:30:06.000> recognize<00:30:06.799> a<00:30:07.000> source<00:30:07.559> from<00:30:07.760> which<00:30:07.960> all<00:30:08.240> knowledge<00:30:08.600> and<00:30:08.760> so<00:30:08.960> on<00:30:09.159> comes,<00:30:09.760> but<00:30:09.919> they

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don't<00:30:10.240> have<00:30:10.480> access<00:30:10.760> to<00:30:10.919> it.<00:30:11.760> So,<00:30:12.120> I<00:30:12.240> think<00:30:12.559> that<00:30:13.320> most<00:30:13.519> of<00:30:13.679> us<00:30:14.000> would<00:30:14.200> find<00:30:14.360> it<00:30:14.840> difficult<00:30:15.279> to,<00:30:15.559> because,<00:30:15.760> ultim,<00:30:16.120> what<00:30:16.240> you're<00:30:16.440> asking<00:30:16.840> is,<00:30:17.279> so<00:30:17.480> that's<00:30:17.840> that<00:30:18.080> answer.

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And<00:30:19.039> the<00:30:19.200> other<00:30:19.399> point<00:30:19.679> is<00:30:19.919> that,<00:30:20.679> um,<00:30:20.919> if<00:30:21.000> you<00:30:21.159> don't<00:30:21.399> think<00:30:21.600> there<00:30:21.720> is<00:30:21.840> a<00:30:22.039> source,<00:30:22.399> then<00:30:22.519> you<00:30:22.679> have<00:30:22.799> to<00:30:23.039> assume<00:30:23.440> that<00:30:23.679> something<00:30:24.039> came<00:30:24.200> out<00:30:24.360> of<00:30:24.840> nothing,<00:30:25.840> um,<00:30:26.000> and<00:30:26.200> that's

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beyond<00:30:26.799> the<00:30:26.880> remit<00:30:27.200> of<00:30:27.360> this<00:30:27.519> discussion.

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Um,<00:30:37.679> so,<00:30:38.120> so<00:30:38.360> what<00:30:38.559> I've,<00:30:38.840> what<00:30:38.960> I've<00:30:39.279> encountered<00:30:39.919> in<00:30:40.159> these<00:30:40.399> testimonies<00:30:41.200> is<00:30:41.399> that<00:30:41.600> the<00:30:41.760> same<00:30:43.320> person,<00:30:44.320> and,<00:30:44.559> and,<00:30:44.799> and<00:30:45.000> if<00:30:45.159> you,<00:30:45.600> if

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00:30:57.679 --> 00:31:05.840
person<00:30:58.159> is<00:30:58.480> describing,<00:30:59.480> when<00:30:59.840> I<00:31:00.039> was<00:31:00.240> doing<00:31:00.600> something<00:31:01.080> good,<00:31:01.960> I<00:31:02.120> suddenly<00:31:02.559> was<00:31:02.799> overcome<00:31:03.360> with<00:31:03.559> this<00:31:03.720> incredible<00:31:04.360> ecstasy,<00:31:04.919> this<00:31:05.120> happiness<00:31:05.559> that<00:31:05.639> I<00:31:05.720> was

00:31:05.840 --> 00:31:14.480
feeling,<00:31:06.240> and<00:31:06.399> then<00:31:06.519> I<00:31:06.639> saw<00:31:06.960> myself<00:31:07.279> doing<00:31:07.600> something<00:31:08.000> else<00:31:09.000> that<00:31:09.320> was<00:31:10.320> not<00:31:10.600> good,<00:31:10.880> and<00:31:11.039> I<00:31:11.240> then<00:31:11.440> felt<00:31:11.720> the<00:31:11.840> same<00:31:12.080> pain.<00:31:12.279> So,<00:31:12.480> the<00:31:12.600> same<00:31:12.960> person<00:31:13.399> is<00:31:13.600> experiencing<00:31:14.320> all

00:31:14.480 --> 00:31:21.679
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00:31:21.679 --> 00:31:27.919
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00:31:27.919 --> 00:31:35.399
I,<00:31:28.840> and<00:31:28.960> she<00:31:29.159> had<00:31:29.320> this<00:31:29.600> experience,<00:31:30.600> you<00:31:30.760> know,<00:31:31.360> and<00:31:31.480> I<00:31:31.600> said<00:31:31.799> to<00:31:31.919> her,<00:31:32.080> I<00:31:32.159> said,<00:31:32.399> well,<00:31:33.039> you<00:31:33.120> know,<00:31:33.279> 'cause<00:31:33.399> you<00:31:33.480> know<00:31:33.600> she's<00:31:33.840> very<00:31:33.960> sweet<00:31:34.320> person,<00:31:34.600> I<00:31:34.639> said,<00:31:34.919> what<00:31:35.000> have<00:31:35.080> you<00:31:35.200> done?

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She<00:31:35.519> said,<00:31:35.679> well,<00:31:35.760> you<00:31:35.840> know,<00:31:35.960> I<00:31:36.039> was<00:31:36.200> young,<00:31:36.440> I<00:31:36.519> haven't<00:31:36.799> done<00:31:37.039> anything<00:31:37.320> really<00:31:37.559> that<00:31:37.760> bad<00:31:37.960> in<00:31:38.120> my<00:31:38.320> life,<00:31:39.120> but<00:31:40.120> I<00:31:40.240> used<00:31:40.440> to<00:31:40.639> go<00:31:40.799> into,<00:31:41.200> as<00:31:41.279> a<00:31:41.399> teenager,<00:31:41.840> I<00:31:41.919> used<00:31:42.039> to<00:31:42.159> go<00:31:42.279> into<00:31:42.440> fits.

00:31:42.760 --> 00:31:51.039
of<00:31:42.919> rage<00:31:43.399> with<00:31:43.600> my<00:31:44.000> my<00:31:44.279> father,<00:31:44.799> my<00:31:45.039> sister,<00:31:45.919> and<00:31:46.120> in<00:31:46.320> that<00:31:46.519> state,<00:31:46.840> I<00:31:46.960> was<00:31:47.200> experiencing<00:31:47.880> all<00:31:48.039> the<00:31:48.240> things<00:31:48.559> I<00:31:48.679> was<00:31:48.880> telling<00:31:49.240> her,<00:31:49.559> like<00:31:49.720> her<00:31:49.919> sister<00:31:50.240> and<00:31:50.360> the<00:31:50.559> hurt<00:31:50.960> I

00:31:51.039 --> 00:31:59.240
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00:31:59.240 --> 00:32:05.880
were<00:31:59.480> feeling.<00:32:00.480> And<00:32:00.559> so<00:32:00.760> when<00:32:00.919> she<00:32:01.120> came<00:32:01.440> back,<00:32:01.760> interestingly,<00:32:02.399> she<00:32:02.679> completely<00:32:03.200> changed.<00:32:03.600> She<00:32:03.760> also<00:32:04.039> experienced<00:32:04.519> other<00:32:04.720> stuff<00:32:04.919> that<00:32:05.000> were<00:32:05.159> very<00:32:05.320> personal<00:32:05.639> that<00:32:05.720> I'm

00:32:05.880 --> 00:32:14.000
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00:32:14.000 --> 00:32:22.039
it's<00:32:14.200> it's<00:32:14.480> each<00:32:14.639> of<00:32:14.799> us<00:32:14.960> will<00:32:15.240> experience<00:32:15.799> what<00:32:15.960> we<00:32:16.080> have<00:32:16.320> done,<00:32:16.880> and<00:32:17.080> and<00:32:17.200> it<00:32:17.320> becomes<00:32:18.440> heightened,<00:32:19.440> um,<00:32:20.360> you<00:32:20.480> know.<00:32:20.679> Another<00:32:20.919> thing<00:32:21.080> she<00:32:21.240> talked<00:32:21.440> about,<00:32:21.600> which<00:32:21.720> was<00:32:21.880> really

00:32:22.039 --> 00:32:30.519
incredible,<00:32:22.480> was<00:32:22.639> she<00:32:22.799> talked<00:32:23.120> about<00:32:23.480> how<00:32:23.639> she<00:32:23.840> had<00:32:24.000> when<00:32:24.120> she<00:32:24.240> was<00:32:24.320> an<00:32:24.559> 8-year-old<00:32:25.559> kid,<00:32:26.480> she<00:32:26.679> had<00:32:26.799> a<00:32:27.000> pet<00:32:27.519> guinea<00:32:28.039> pig,<00:32:29.000> and<00:32:29.120> she<00:32:29.240> said<00:32:29.480> one<00:32:29.679> day<00:32:29.840> the<00:32:30.000> pet<00:32:30.200> guinea

00:32:30.519 --> 00:32:38.639
pig<00:32:30.840> came<00:32:31.279> to<00:32:31.600> bite<00:32:31.880> her,<00:32:32.600> bit<00:32:32.799> her<00:32:33.000> actually,<00:32:33.200> not<00:32:33.320> came<00:32:33.480> to,<00:32:33.639> did<00:32:33.840> bite<00:32:34.080> her,<00:32:34.679> and<00:32:34.799> she<00:32:35.000> threw<00:32:35.279> it<00:32:35.519> onto<00:32:35.880> the<00:32:36.000> sofa<00:32:36.519> and<00:32:36.639> nothing<00:32:36.960> happened,<00:32:37.320> you<00:32:37.440> know,<00:32:37.919> and<00:32:38.039> she<00:32:38.159> forgot<00:32:38.480> about

00:32:38.639 --> 00:32:47.279
it.<00:32:38.799> In<00:32:38.960> her<00:32:39.200> death<00:32:40.200> experience,<00:32:41.200> she<00:32:41.480> relived<00:32:42.120> that<00:32:42.320> whole<00:32:43.159> experience,<00:32:44.000> and<00:32:44.159> now<00:32:44.360> she<00:32:44.559> felt<00:32:45.279> the<00:32:45.720> this<00:32:46.080> the<00:32:46.200> fear<00:32:47.120> that

00:32:47.279 --> 00:32:55.600
the<00:32:47.399> guinea<00:32:47.760> pig<00:32:48.039> had<00:32:48.240> felt,<00:32:48.960> which<00:32:49.080> is<00:32:49.360> why<00:32:49.559> it<00:32:49.760> initially<00:32:50.320> bit<00:32:50.880> her.<00:32:51.720> And<00:32:51.919> when<00:32:52.080> she<00:32:52.279> tossed<00:32:52.639> the<00:32:52.760> guinea<00:32:53.039> pig<00:32:53.240> onto<00:32:53.480> the<00:32:53.639> couch,<00:32:54.120> she<00:32:54.320> felt<00:32:54.720> how<00:32:54.919> much<00:32:55.159> worse<00:32:55.440> the

00:32:55.600 --> 00:33:02.159
guinea<00:32:55.880> pig,<00:32:56.080> how<00:32:56.200> much<00:32:56.360> more<00:32:56.600> afraid<00:32:56.919> the<00:32:57.039> guinea<00:32:57.320> pig<00:32:57.480> felt,<00:32:58.240> and<00:32:58.360> so<00:32:58.519> she<00:32:58.720> realized<00:32:59.200> how<00:32:59.440> poor<00:32:59.760> her<00:33:00.000> action<00:33:00.279> had<00:33:00.440> been.<00:33:00.639> Now<00:33:00.760> think<00:33:00.919> of<00:33:01.080> something<00:33:01.440> as<00:33:01.559> simple<00:33:01.880> as<00:33:02.000> that,

00:33:02.159 --> 00:33:09.440
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00:33:09.440 --> 00:33:18.679
reminded<00:33:09.880> me<00:33:10.120> is<00:33:10.919> you<00:33:11.760> see<00:33:12.760> none<00:33:12.960> of<00:33:13.159> these<00:33:13.360> people<00:33:13.799> talk<00:33:14.159> about<00:33:14.960> the<00:33:15.159> religious<00:33:15.720> idea<00:33:16.240> of<00:33:16.799> Heaven<00:33:17.159> and<00:33:17.679> Hell.

00:33:18.679 --> 00:33:26.960
What<00:33:18.919> their<00:33:19.279> their<00:33:19.600> experience<00:33:20.279> becomes<00:33:20.679> a<00:33:20.799> sort<00:33:21.039> of<00:33:21.320> Heaven<00:33:21.679> or<00:33:22.039> Hell<00:33:22.840> to<00:33:23.559> themselves,<00:33:24.559> but<00:33:24.840> but<00:33:25.039> interestingly<00:33:25.760> also,<00:33:26.080> which<00:33:26.200> I<00:33:26.320> find<00:33:26.720> really

00:33:26.960 --> 00:33:35.120
fascinating<00:33:27.440> and<00:33:27.519> you<00:33:27.919> have<00:33:28.000> to<00:33:28.080> invite<00:33:28.320> me<00:33:28.480> back<00:33:28.679> again,<00:33:28.919> I<00:33:29.039> think,<00:33:30.039> is<00:33:30.279> that<00:33:31.159> normally<00:33:32.000> if<00:33:32.279> if<00:33:32.399> I<00:33:32.519> were<00:33:32.760> to,<00:33:33.000> frankly,<00:33:33.360> you<00:33:33.440> know,<00:33:33.600> I've<00:33:33.720> been<00:33:33.919> humiliated,<00:33:34.480> I've<00:33:34.639> done<00:33:34.840> things

00:33:35.120 --> 00:33:43.840
wrong,<00:33:35.679> I<00:33:35.799> feel<00:33:36.080> embarrassed,<00:33:37.080> and<00:33:37.200> in<00:33:37.360> that<00:33:37.559> state<00:33:37.760> you<00:33:37.880> feel<00:33:38.080> awful,<00:33:38.519> you<00:33:38.600> feel<00:33:38.760> sort<00:33:38.960> of<00:33:39.080> depressed,<00:33:39.519> you<00:33:39.600> don't<00:33:39.760> want<00:33:39.919> to.<00:33:40.760> What<00:33:40.960> I<00:33:41.080> find<00:33:41.399> amazing<00:33:41.840> is<00:33:41.960> that<00:33:42.200> these<00:33:42.840> people

00:33:43.840 --> 00:33:51.840
even<00:33:44.080> though<00:33:44.279> they've<00:33:44.519> had<00:33:44.799> tremendously<00:33:45.639> humiliating<00:33:46.279> experience,<00:33:46.679> because<00:33:46.799> they<00:33:46.919> relived<00:33:47.679> everything,<00:33:48.679> when<00:33:48.880> they<00:33:49.080> come<00:33:49.399> back<00:33:50.320> they<00:33:50.480> all<00:33:50.720> use<00:33:50.960> it<00:33:51.159> as<00:33:51.279> a<00:33:51.399> stepping

00:33:51.840 --> 00:33:59.760
stone<00:33:52.120> to<00:33:52.320> become<00:33:53.240> better.<00:33:54.240> It's<00:33:54.480> not<00:33:54.720> like,<00:33:55.000> "Oh,<00:33:55.200> I'm<00:33:55.360> awful,"<00:33:55.880> or<00:33:56.120> it's<00:33:56.279> like,<00:33:56.480> "Okay,<00:33:56.600> I<00:33:56.720> have<00:33:56.799> to<00:33:56.919> do<00:33:57.080> better.<00:33:57.279> I<00:33:57.360> realize<00:33:57.919> I<00:33:58.000> needed<00:33:58.200> to<00:33:58.360> learn<00:33:58.679> that<00:33:58.840> I<00:33:58.919> didn't<00:33:59.159> do<00:33:59.279> it,<00:33:59.440> I<00:33:59.519> needed

00:33:59.760 --> 00:34:05.960
to<00:33:59.880> be<00:34:00.039> better<00:34:00.240> at<00:34:00.399> this,<00:34:00.519> I<00:34:00.600> need<00:34:00.720> to<00:34:00.799> be<00:34:00.919> better<00:34:01.120> at<00:34:01.279> that,"<00:34:02.200> like<00:34:02.360> a<00:34:02.559> scientist<00:34:03.080> who<00:34:03.240> fails<00:34:03.600> and<00:34:03.720> says,<00:34:04.039> "Okay,<00:34:04.159> I<00:34:04.240> need<00:34:04.360> to<00:34:04.480> do<00:34:04.679> this<00:34:04.799> better,<00:34:05.080> I<00:34:05.159> need<00:34:05.240> to<00:34:05.360> learn<00:34:05.600> from<00:34:05.840> this."

00:34:05.960 --> 00:34:16.760
So<00:34:06.080> it's<00:34:06.320> really<00:34:06.880> the<00:34:07.000> details<00:34:07.399> of<00:34:07.559> the<00:34:07.679> experience<00:34:08.079> are

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fascinating.<00:34:17.760> Um,<00:34:18.000> I<00:34:18.079> think<00:34:18.320> that<00:34:18.679> one<00:34:18.800> of<00:34:18.879> the<00:34:19.000> things<00:34:19.159> we<00:34:19.280> were<00:34:19.399> hoping<00:34:19.599> to<00:34:19.760> talk<00:34:19.919> about<00:34:20.159> is<00:34:20.359> actually<00:34:20.720> the<00:34:21.000> whole<00:34:21.240> concept<00:34:21.599> of<00:34:21.760> what<00:34:21.879> is<00:34:22.040> consciousness,<00:34:22.679> who<00:34:22.839> we<00:34:23.000> are,

00:34:24.000 --> 00:34:33.079
and<00:34:24.599> um,<00:34:25.240> in<00:34:25.359> a<00:34:25.480> nutshell,<00:34:26.240> you<00:34:26.399> know,<00:34:27.320> a<00:34:27.440> lot<00:34:27.560> of<00:34:27.839> of<00:34:28.159> sort<00:34:28.359> of<00:34:28.599> I<00:34:28.679> would<00:34:28.839> call,<00:34:29.040> should<00:34:29.240> we<00:34:29.399> say,<00:34:29.720> mainstream<00:34:30.240> scientists<00:34:30.760> these<00:34:30.960> days<00:34:31.119> who<00:34:31.280> are<00:34:31.399> more<00:34:32.079> vocal

00:34:33.079 --> 00:34:39.839
um,<00:34:33.480> proposed<00:34:34.079> an<00:34:34.240> a<00:34:34.359> philosophical<00:34:35.040> idea<00:34:35.399> which<00:34:35.520> is<00:34:35.679> that<00:34:35.800> you<00:34:35.919> know<00:34:36.040> your<00:34:36.200> consciousness,<00:34:36.720> your<00:34:36.879> selfhood,<00:34:37.399> your<00:34:37.560> thoughts,<00:34:37.879> who<00:34:38.040> you<00:34:38.159> are,<00:34:38.720> is<00:34:38.879> simply<00:34:39.159> a<00:34:39.280> byproduct<00:34:39.760> of

00:34:39.839 --> 00:34:48.159
your<00:34:39.960> brain.<00:34:40.919> It's<00:34:41.280> they<00:34:41.440> they<00:34:41.520> say<00:34:41.760> like<00:34:41.879> an<00:34:42.040> epiphenomena,<00:34:42.919> as<00:34:43.040> if<00:34:43.440> uh<00:34:43.560> like<00:34:44.280> um<00:34:44.879> heat<00:34:45.119> coming<00:34:45.320> off<00:34:45.480> of<00:34:45.599> a<00:34:46.960> fire.<00:34:47.960> The

00:34:48.159 --> 00:34:55.960
problem<00:34:48.560> with<00:34:48.760> that<00:34:49.040> is<00:34:49.320> that<00:34:49.800> there<00:34:50.000> has<00:34:50.119> been<00:34:50.359> no<00:34:50.639> scientific<00:34:51.159> evidence<00:34:51.679> to<00:34:51.800> show<00:34:52.159> how<00:34:52.320> brain<00:34:52.599> cells<00:34:53.000> can<00:34:53.200> generate<00:34:53.560> a<00:34:53.720> single<00:34:54.079> thought,<00:34:54.960> any<00:34:55.159> kind<00:34:55.320> of<00:34:55.480> feeling<00:34:55.760> or

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emotion<00:34:56.399> can<00:34:56.599> arise<00:34:56.879> from<00:34:57.040> brain<00:34:57.280> cell<00:34:57.800> activity.<00:34:58.800> Um,<00:35:00.040> furthermore,<00:35:01.200> um,<00:35:02.200> the<00:35:02.680> there<00:35:02.800> are<00:35:03.079> many<00:35:03.440> scientists<00:35:04.000> who

00:35:04.160 --> 00:35:11.160
actually<00:35:04.440> don't<00:35:04.720> agree<00:35:05.040> with<00:35:05.240> that,<00:35:05.680> including<00:35:06.599> for<00:35:06.760> example,<00:35:07.240> I<00:35:07.320> was<00:35:07.440> talking<00:35:07.680> with<00:35:07.839> Steve,<00:35:08.079> a<00:35:08.200> neuroscientist<00:35:08.920> who<00:35:09.280> discovered<00:35:09.640> brain<00:35:09.960> cell<00:35:10.200> connections<00:35:10.880> and<00:35:11.000> won

00:35:11.160 --> 00:35:19.359
a<00:35:11.463> Nobel<00:35:11.766> Prize<00:35:12.069> for<00:35:12.372> it,<00:35:12.675> or<00:35:12.978> at<00:35:13.282> least<00:35:13.585> under<00:35:13.888> discover<00:35:14.191> the<00:35:14.494> mechanism<00:35:14.797> by<00:35:15.100> which<00:35:15.403> brain<00:35:15.706> cells<00:35:16.009> communicate<00:35:16.312> with<00:35:16.615> each<00:35:16.918> other.<00:35:17.222> Sir<00:35:17.525> John<00:35:17.828> Eccles,<00:35:18.131> who<00:35:18.434> won<00:35:18.737> the<00:35:19.040> Nobel

00:35:19.359 --> 00:35:27.800
Prize<00:35:19.599> for<00:35:19.760> medicine<00:35:20.640> in<00:35:20.800> 1962<00:35:21.599> or<00:35:21.760> 63,<00:35:22.200> I<00:35:22.320> can't<00:35:22.520> remember,<00:35:23.400> who<00:35:23.599> who<00:35:23.760> say<00:35:24.079> that<00:35:24.280> actually,<00:35:25.200> um,<00:35:25.400> the<00:35:25.560> brain<00:35:26.280> is<00:35:26.520> probably<00:35:26.800> a<00:35:26.960> modulator,<00:35:27.720> but

00:35:27.800 --> 00:35:35.720
it<00:35:27.880> doesn't<00:35:28.160> produce<00:35:28.599> consciousness,<00:35:29.160> doesn't<00:35:29.400> produce<00:35:29.760> who<00:35:29.920> we<00:35:30.520> are.<00:35:31.520> Now,<00:35:32.240> what<00:35:32.400> we<00:35:32.560> find<00:35:32.880> with<00:35:33.079> these<00:35:33.280> death<00:35:33.599> experiences,<00:35:34.240> but<00:35:34.400> but<00:35:34.520> the<00:35:34.640> key<00:35:34.800> I<00:35:34.920> want<00:35:35.040> to<00:35:35.160> get<00:35:35.320> across

00:35:35.720 --> 00:35:42.720
is<00:35:35.839> that<00:35:36.000> nobody<00:35:36.640> understands<00:35:36.880> the<00:35:37.040> nature<00:35:37.320> of<00:35:37.520> who<00:35:37.800> what<00:35:37.960> makes<00:35:38.240> you<00:35:38.400> into<00:35:38.680> who<00:35:38.800> you<00:35:38.920> are<00:35:39.119> and<00:35:39.280> me<00:35:39.440> into<00:35:39.640> who<00:35:39.800> I<00:35:39.920> am,<00:35:40.119> yet<00:35:40.240> we<00:35:40.320> are<00:35:40.440> all<00:35:40.599> thinking<00:35:41.040> conscious<00:35:41.599> beings.<00:35:42.599> What

00:35:42.720 --> 00:35:51.480
we<00:35:43.079> discover<00:35:43.359> with<00:35:43.520> death,<00:35:43.960> which<00:35:44.079> is<00:35:44.680> fascinating,<00:35:45.680> is<00:35:45.880> that<00:35:46.119> in<00:35:46.320> this<00:35:46.560> state<00:35:46.960> of<00:35:47.240> this<00:35:47.960> vastness<00:35:48.480> of<00:35:48.720> consciousness,<00:35:49.560> people<00:35:49.960> are<00:35:50.800> uniquely

00:35:51.480 --> 00:36:00.000
able<00:35:52.400> to<00:35:53.400> understand<00:35:53.800> other<00:35:54.079> people's<00:35:54.520> emotions<00:35:55.200> as<00:35:55.359> well.<00:35:55.839> I've<00:35:56.040> had<00:35:56.280> many<00:35:56.599> testimonies<00:35:57.160> where<00:35:57.280> people<00:35:57.440> have<00:35:57.680> said<00:35:57.960> like,<00:35:58.680> "I<00:35:58.880> could<00:35:59.359> experience<00:35:59.880> what

00:36:00.000 --> 00:36:06.920
the<00:36:00.160> nurse,<00:36:00.640> the<00:36:00.839> despair<00:36:01.280> the<00:36:01.400> nurse<00:36:01.720> was<00:36:01.920> feeling<00:36:02.319> when<00:36:02.440> she<00:36:02.640> looked<00:36:02.880> at<00:36:03.000> me,<00:36:03.240> I<00:36:03.319> was<00:36:03.560> experiencing<00:36:04.079> what<00:36:04.200> she<00:36:04.400> was<00:36:04.560> thinking."<00:36:05.359> I've<00:36:05.599> had<00:36:05.800> many<00:36:06.040> physicians,<00:36:06.599> again<00:36:06.800> in

00:36:06.920 --> 00:36:15.160
our<00:36:07.160> Rethinking<00:36:07.680> Death<00:36:08.000> documentary,<00:36:08.599> physicians<00:36:09.079> who've<00:36:09.359> had<00:36:09.520> their<00:36:09.720> patients<00:36:10.160> come<00:36:10.400> back<00:36:11.119> and<00:36:11.280> tell<00:36:11.560> them<00:36:11.720> what<00:36:11.839> they<00:36:11.960> were<00:36:12.200> thinking<00:36:12.760> in<00:36:12.920> that<00:36:13.280> state.<00:36:14.280> So<00:36:14.480> I<00:36:14.599> think

00:36:15.160 --> 00:36:20.920
we<00:36:15.280> have<00:36:15.400> one<00:36:15.520> of<00:36:15.640> two<00:36:15.800> options:<00:36:16.160> either<00:36:16.359> we<00:36:16.480> have<00:36:16.560> to<00:36:16.680> just<00:36:16.760> say<00:36:16.920> it<00:36:17.000> doesn't<00:36:17.240> make<00:36:17.400> sense,<00:36:17.680> we<00:36:17.800> have<00:36:17.880> to<00:36:18.000> just<00:36:18.160> reject<00:36:18.560> it,<00:36:18.960> but<00:36:19.119> I<00:36:19.200> think<00:36:19.400> with<00:36:19.520> the<00:36:19.640> amount<00:36:19.880> of<00:36:20.079> testimonies

00:36:20.920 --> 00:36:29.000
that's<00:36:21.200> not<00:36:21.400> very<00:36:21.760> wise.<00:36:22.760> So<00:36:23.000> I<00:36:23.160> think<00:36:23.440> that<00:36:23.760> my<00:36:24.040> my<00:36:24.200> own<00:36:24.720> understanding<00:36:25.000> of<00:36:25.240> why<00:36:25.440> consciousness,<00:36:26.280> what<00:36:26.400> occurs<00:36:26.760> with<00:36:26.920> consciousness,<00:36:27.359> and<00:36:27.599> how<00:36:27.680> it<00:36:27.760> relates<00:36:28.040> to<00:36:28.160> the<00:36:28.240> brain

00:36:29.000 --> 00:36:36.359
is<00:36:29.119> that<00:36:29.280> I<00:36:29.400> think<00:36:29.760> human<00:36:30.079> consciousness,<00:36:30.640> our<00:36:31.240> selfhood,<00:36:32.240> is<00:36:32.440> more<00:36:32.720> like<00:36:32.960> something<00:36:33.280> like<00:36:33.400> an<00:36:33.599> electromagnetic<00:36:34.480> phenomena.<00:36:34.960> So<00:36:35.079> in<00:36:35.160> other<00:36:35.280> words,<00:36:35.440> it<00:36:35.560> can<00:36:35.720> carry<00:36:35.960> sound,

00:36:36.359 --> 00:36:45.200
pictures,<00:36:36.760> it's<00:36:36.839> a<00:36:37.000> very<00:36:37.160> subtle<00:36:37.560> type<00:36:37.720> of<00:36:37.880> entity,<00:36:38.720> and<00:36:38.839> it<00:36:39.000> interacts<00:36:39.480> with<00:36:39.599> the<00:36:39.760> brain.<00:36:40.760> It's<00:36:40.960> not<00:36:41.160> magical,<00:36:41.920> it<00:36:42.119> exists,<00:36:42.839> we<00:36:42.960> need<00:36:43.160> the<00:36:43.280> brain<00:36:43.560> to<00:36:43.720> show<00:36:44.040> it<00:36:44.960> like

00:36:45.200 --> 00:36:52.160
the<00:36:45.319> same<00:36:45.520> way<00:36:45.640> you<00:36:45.760> need<00:36:45.880> a<00:36:46.079> computer<00:36:46.560> to<00:36:46.800> be<00:36:46.920> able<00:36:47.079> to<00:36:47.200> get<00:36:47.319> the<00:36:47.480> content<00:36:47.920> off<00:36:48.040> of<00:36:48.200> the<00:36:48.319> internet,<00:36:48.800> but<00:36:48.960> the<00:36:49.079> brain<00:36:49.400> or<00:36:49.560> the<00:36:49.680> computer<00:36:50.000> doesn't<00:36:50.359> produce<00:36:50.760> that<00:36:51.160> content.

00:36:52.160 --> 00:37:01.160
If<00:36:52.280> we<00:36:52.480> accept<00:36:52.800> that<00:36:52.920> for<00:36:53.040> a<00:36:53.160> moment<00:36:53.520> as<00:36:53.599> a<00:36:53.920> hypothesis,<00:36:54.920> then<00:36:55.079> it<00:36:55.240> explains<00:36:55.800> everything.<00:36:56.800> It<00:36:56.960> explains<00:36:57.720> in<00:36:57.880> death,<00:36:58.160> suddenly,<00:36:58.640> because<00:36:58.880> communication<00:36:59.480> is<00:36:59.680> occurring<00:37:00.280> through

00:37:01.160 --> 00:37:09.720
this<00:37:01.359> sort<00:37:01.520> of<00:37:02.359> like<00:37:02.560> a<00:37:02.800> flux<00:37:03.079> of<00:37:03.240> energy,<00:37:03.640> flux<00:37:03.920> of<00:37:04.119> electromagnetic<00:37:04.880> phenomena.<00:37:05.880> And<00:37:06.000> so<00:37:06.200> I<00:37:06.280> think<00:37:06.480> that<00:37:06.680> may<00:37:06.920> explain<00:37:07.520> why<00:37:07.760> that<00:37:07.920> young<00:37:08.119> girl<00:37:08.359> was<00:37:08.520> able<00:37:08.720> to<00:37:09.200> understand

00:37:09.720 --> 00:37:17.240
her<00:37:10.720> pet<00:37:10.960> guinea<00:37:11.240> pig's<00:37:11.520> emotions.<00:37:11.960> Again,<00:37:12.119> if<00:37:12.240> this<00:37:12.359> was<00:37:12.520> an<00:37:12.680> anecdote,<00:37:13.119> I<00:37:13.200> would<00:37:13.319> have<00:37:13.440> rejected<00:37:13.960> it,<00:37:14.839> but<00:37:15.040> there<00:37:15.119> are<00:37:15.319> so<00:37:15.520> many<00:37:15.800> people<00:37:16.040> who<00:37:16.200> don't<00:37:16.440> know<00:37:16.640> each<00:37:16.800> other<00:37:17.040> who

00:37:17.240 --> 00:37:25.200
say<00:37:17.480> the<00:37:17.599> same

00:37:25.200 --> 00:37:33.560
thing.<00:37:26.200> I<00:37:26.280> think<00:37:26.480> the<00:37:26.599> reality<00:37:27.119> is<00:37:27.839> a<00:37:28.000> number<00:37:28.240> of<00:37:28.400> different<00:37:28.680> things.<00:37:29.000> One<00:37:29.200> is<00:37:29.440> that,<00:37:31.079> um,<00:37:32.079> 10<00:37:32.359> to<00:37:32.560> 20%<00:37:33.319> of

00:37:33.560 --> 00:37:42.280
people,<00:37:34.066> uh,<00:37:34.572> Parnia<00:37:35.078> figure,<00:37:35.584> have<00:37:36.089> these<00:37:36.595> more<00:37:37.101> vivid<00:37:37.607> recollections,<00:37:38.113> but<00:37:38.619> actually<00:37:39.125> when<00:37:39.631> we<00:37:40.136> conducted<00:37:40.642> our<00:37:41.148> AWARE<00:37:41.654> 2<00:37:42.160> study,

00:37:42.280 --> 00:37:50.920
which<00:37:42.400> was<00:37:42.599> carried<00:37:42.880> out<00:37:43.040> and<00:37:43.160> just<00:37:43.319> published<00:37:43.680> a<00:37:43.800> few<00:37:43.920> months<00:37:44.200> ago,<00:37:44.720> um,<00:37:45.040> over<00:37:45.480> many<00:37:45.720> many<00:37:46.640> hospitals,<00:37:47.640> um,<00:37:47.920> we<00:37:48.079> found<00:37:48.440> that<00:37:48.599> there's<00:37:48.800> a<00:37:49.079> spectrum<00:37:49.800> of<00:37:50.280> awareness

00:37:50.920 --> 00:37:58.040
in<00:37:51.079> people<00:37:51.319> when<00:37:51.480> you<00:37:51.599> interview<00:37:52.000> them.<00:37:52.200> So<00:37:52.400> roughly<00:37:52.720> 40%<00:37:53.440> of<00:37:53.640> people,<00:37:53.960> think<00:37:54.119> of<00:37:54.240> it<00:37:54.400> like<00:37:54.599> this,<00:37:55.520> have<00:37:55.640> a<00:37:55.839> vague<00:37:56.200> perception<00:37:56.599> of<00:37:56.760> having<00:37:56.960> been<00:37:57.119> aware,<00:37:57.640> but<00:37:57.760> they<00:37:57.839> can't

00:37:58.040 --> 00:38:07.040
remember<00:37:58.319> any<00:37:58.760> details.<00:37:59.760> Then<00:38:00.079> about<00:38:00.359> 20%<00:38:01.240> have<00:38:01.560> these<00:38:01.800> types<00:38:02.040> of<00:38:02.200> memories<00:38:02.680> with<00:38:02.839> more<00:38:03.160> explicit<00:38:03.640> recall<00:38:04.040> of<00:38:04.280> specific<00:38:04.720> elements<00:38:05.200> of<00:38:05.400> what<00:38:05.520> we<00:38:05.680> talked<00:38:06.000> about,<00:38:06.920> and

00:38:07.040 --> 00:38:14.800
then<00:38:07.280> roughly<00:38:07.640> about<00:38:07.880> 3%<00:38:08.560> of<00:38:08.800> people<00:38:09.240> have<00:38:09.440> full<00:38:09.880> visual<00:38:10.440> awareness<00:38:10.920> of<00:38:11.119> events<00:38:11.440> that<00:38:11.599> doctors<00:38:11.920> and<00:38:12.040> nurses<00:38:12.440> can<00:38:12.560> have<00:38:12.720> verified,<00:38:13.280> which<00:38:13.480> in<00:38:13.560> our<00:38:13.720> study<00:38:14.040> was<00:38:14.240> also<00:38:14.720> we

00:38:14.800 --> 00:38:23.680
were<00:38:14.960> able<00:38:15.160> to<00:38:15.680> verify.<00:38:16.680> So<00:38:16.880> I<00:38:16.960> think<00:38:17.119> to<00:38:17.359> address<00:38:17.680> your<00:38:17.960> question<00:38:18.400> is<00:38:18.640> that,<00:38:18.960> and<00:38:19.119> I<00:38:19.200> think<00:38:19.359> all<00:38:19.520> of<00:38:19.640> us<00:38:19.800> have<00:38:20.040> experienced<00:38:21.079> this,<00:38:22.079> our<00:38:22.560> memory,<00:38:23.560> which

00:38:23.680 --> 00:38:33.000
I<00:38:23.839> also<00:38:24.119> confess<00:38:24.480> to<00:38:24.640> you,<00:38:25.359> our<00:38:25.640> memory<00:38:26.200> doesn't<00:38:26.560> reflect<00:38:27.000> everything<00:38:27.520> that<00:38:27.599> we've<00:38:28.839> experienced.<00:38:29.839> So,<00:38:30.560> um,<00:38:30.800> also<00:38:31.119> in<00:38:31.520> death<00:38:32.520> what

00:38:33.000 --> 00:38:41.200
I<00:38:33.079> think<00:38:33.280> happens<00:38:33.640> is<00:38:33.760> that<00:38:33.960> everyone<00:38:34.400> has<00:38:34.599> the<00:38:34.960> experience,<00:38:35.960> but<00:38:36.119> they<00:38:36.280> later<00:38:36.680> forget<00:38:37.079> it.<00:38:37.440> And<00:38:37.560> the<00:38:37.680> reasons<00:38:38.079> they<00:38:38.240> forget<00:38:38.560> it,<00:38:38.760> it<00:38:38.880> seems<00:38:39.160> to<00:38:39.319> be<00:38:39.599> one<00:38:39.800> in<00:38:39.960> relation<00:38:40.400> to

00:38:41.200 --> 00:38:49.160
this<00:38:41.480> process<00:38:41.800> of<00:38:41.920> being<00:38:42.119> sort<00:38:42.280> of<00:38:42.520> insulated<00:38:43.480> back<00:38:43.920> within<00:38:44.160> their<00:38:44.359> body,<00:38:44.680> within<00:38:44.920> the<00:38:45.240> process<00:38:45.560> that<00:38:45.680> was<00:38:45.839> going<00:38:46.040> on,<00:38:47.040> but<00:38:47.200> also<00:38:47.480> remember,<00:38:47.920> everyone<00:38:48.280> who's<00:38:48.520> come<00:38:48.800> back

00:38:49.160 --> 00:38:58.079
from<00:38:49.599> a<00:38:50.000> a<00:38:50.160> period<00:38:50.440> when<00:38:50.560> their<00:38:50.720> heart<00:38:50.920> stopped,<00:38:51.839> by<00:38:52.079> definition,<00:38:52.760> has<00:38:53.040> massive<00:38:53.400> brain<00:38:53.640> swelling,<00:38:54.599> inflammation,<00:38:55.599> and<00:38:55.760> that<00:38:55.960> wipes<00:38:56.240> out<00:38:56.400> your<00:38:56.599> memory<00:38:56.920> circuits,<00:38:57.920> and

00:38:58.079 --> 00:39:04.800
then<00:38:58.200> when<00:38:58.359> they<00:38:58.480> come<00:38:58.640> to<00:38:58.800> the<00:38:58.960> Intensive<00:38:59.400> Care<00:38:59.560> Unit,<00:38:59.839> we<00:38:59.920> usually<00:39:00.240> give<00:39:00.359> them<00:39:00.560> drugs<00:39:00.880> to<00:39:01.079> keep<00:39:01.280> them<00:39:01.480> calm,<00:39:01.960> which<00:39:02.160> also,<00:39:02.760> like<00:39:02.920> sleeping<00:39:03.319> medications,<00:39:03.920> wipes<00:39:04.200> out<00:39:04.400> memory

00:39:04.800 --> 00:39:12.520
circuits.<00:39:05.800> So<00:39:05.960> there<00:39:06.079> are<00:39:06.319> many<00:39:06.640> things<00:39:07.000> that<00:39:07.200> cause<00:39:07.520> people<00:39:07.800> to<00:39:08.079> forget,<00:39:09.079> and<00:39:09.240> that's<00:39:09.480> why<00:39:09.640> when<00:39:09.760> you<00:39:09.920> interviewed,<00:39:10.599> I<00:39:10.760> I<00:39:10.880> gave<00:39:11.079> you<00:39:11.280> the<00:39:11.440> overall<00:39:12.000> because<00:39:12.200> we<00:39:12.280> didn't

00:39:12.520 --> 00:39:20.400
have<00:39:12.720> time,<00:39:13.520> but<00:39:13.680> people<00:39:14.000> recall<00:39:14.400> fragments.<00:39:15.000> It's<00:39:15.240> fragmented<00:39:15.800> memory<00:39:16.240> because<00:39:16.400> when<00:39:16.480> we<00:39:16.640> interview<00:39:17.040> them,<00:39:17.160> they're<00:39:17.400> not<00:39:17.560> like<00:39:17.880> us<00:39:18.280> where<00:39:18.480> they<00:39:18.599> were<00:39:18.760> wide<00:39:19.160> awake,<00:39:20.160> they've

00:39:20.400 --> 00:39:26.880
had<00:39:20.760> different<00:39:21.079> memories<00:39:21.560> wiped<00:39:21.839> out.<00:39:22.440> But<00:39:22.599> the<00:39:22.680> way<00:39:22.800> we're<00:39:23.000> able<00:39:23.160> to<00:39:23.319> develop<00:39:23.680> this<00:39:23.839> picture<00:39:24.240> is<00:39:24.359> by<00:39:24.520> interviewing<00:39:25.040> more<00:39:25.200> and<00:39:25.319> more<00:39:25.560> people,<00:39:25.839> you<00:39:26.000> start<00:39:26.240> to<00:39:26.400> see<00:39:26.680> the

00:39:26.880 --> 00:39:35.119
themes<00:39:27.440> emerge.<00:39:27.960> Everyone's<00:39:28.440> describing<00:39:29.000> the<00:39:29.160> same<00:39:29.440> thing.<00:39:29.880> Some<00:39:30.040> people<00:39:30.319> remember<00:39:30.680> more<00:39:30.839> of<00:39:30.960> it,<00:39:31.119> some<00:39:31.240> people<00:39:31.480> remember<00:39:31.839> less<00:39:32.040> of<00:39:32.240> it,<00:39:33.240> and<00:39:33.319> so<00:39:33.599> that's,<00:39:34.000> um,<00:39:34.200> I<00:39:34.319> think<00:39:34.960> what

00:39:35.119 --> 00:39:41.760
really<00:39:35.400> is<00:39:35.560> going<00:39:35.720> on.<00:39:35.960> It's<00:39:36.119> not<00:39:36.319> that<00:39:36.599> there<00:39:36.720> are<00:39:36.920> 10%<00:39:37.480> who<00:39:37.720> have<00:39:37.920> the<00:39:38.040> experience,<00:39:38.440> there<00:39:38.560> are<00:39:38.720> 10%<00:39:39.160> who<00:39:39.359> recall<00:39:39.760> the<00:39:39.880> experience,<00:39:40.240> which<00:39:40.359> is<00:39:40.480> somewhat<00:39:40.800> different.<00:39:41.560> 10

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to

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20%.<00:39:51.079> So<00:39:51.359> one<00:39:51.440> of<00:39:51.560> the<00:39:51.680> things<00:39:51.920> that,<00:39:52.079> you<00:39:52.160> know,<00:39:52.359> people<00:39:52.640> have<00:39:52.800> people<00:39:53.000> have<00:39:53.160> tried<00:39:53.440> to<00:39:54.040> find<00:39:54.400> models<00:39:54.800> to<00:39:55.000> explain<00:39:55.359> this.<00:39:55.520> One<00:39:55.599> of<00:39:55.720> the<00:39:55.839> things,<00:39:56.800> and<00:39:57.079> sometimes<00:39:57.480> are<00:39:57.599> published

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in<00:39:58.000> very<00:39:58.200> reputable<00:39:58.680> journals<00:39:59.119> but<00:39:59.280> unfortunately<00:39:59.720> they're<00:39:59.880> not<00:40:00.079> very<00:40:00.599> accurate,<00:40:01.599> one<00:40:01.720> of<00:40:01.839> the<00:40:02.000> things<00:40:02.240> that's<00:40:02.480> become<00:40:03.000> in<00:40:03.160> vogue<00:40:03.599> right<00:40:03.760> now<00:40:03.920> is<00:40:04.040> that<00:40:04.160> people<00:40:04.359> say

00:40:04.599 --> 00:40:12.800
oh,<00:40:04.897> you<00:40:05.195> can<00:40:05.492> have<00:40:05.790> one<00:40:06.088> of<00:40:06.386> these<00:40:06.684> experiences<00:40:06.982> if<00:40:07.279> you<00:40:07.577> just<00:40:07.875> take<00:40:08.173> a<00:40:08.471> psychedelic<00:40:08.768> like<00:40:09.066> psilocybin<00:40:09.364> or<00:40:09.662> DMT<00:40:09.960> or<00:40:10.257> ketamine<00:40:10.555> and<00:40:10.853> so<00:40:11.151> on.<00:40:11.449> So<00:40:11.747> I<00:40:12.044> became<00:40:12.342> intrigued<00:40:12.640> by

00:40:12.800 --> 00:40:21.760
this,<00:40:12.920> and<00:40:13.040> we<00:40:13.200> actually<00:40:13.960> studied<00:40:14.520> all<00:40:14.720> of<00:40:14.839> the<00:40:15.040> published<00:40:15.640> literature,<00:40:16.640> um,<00:40:17.000> with<00:40:17.280> different<00:40:17.800> types<00:40:18.119> of<00:40:18.319> psychedelic<00:40:19.040> drugs,<00:40:20.040> and<00:40:20.200> what<00:40:20.359> you<00:40:20.599> find<00:40:21.520> is

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that<00:40:22.200> people<00:40:22.480> who<00:40:22.640> take<00:40:22.880> psychedelics<00:40:23.880> all<00:40:24.160> do<00:40:24.400> have<00:40:24.640> very<00:40:24.839> incredible,<00:40:25.319> unusual<00:40:25.760> experiences,<00:40:26.280> but<00:40:26.400> they're<00:40:26.680> totally<00:40:27.359> different,<00:40:27.680> they're<00:40:27.839> not<00:40:28.200> even<00:40:29.200> not<00:40:29.400> even<00:40:29.720> similar.

00:40:30.480 --> 00:40:37.520
So<00:40:30.760> what,<00:40:30.920> for<00:40:31.079> example,<00:40:31.440> what<00:40:31.560> they<00:40:31.760> say<00:40:32.040> is<00:40:32.920> they<00:40:33.040> will<00:40:33.359> describe<00:40:33.800> a<00:40:34.000> sense<00:40:34.280> where<00:40:34.440> they're<00:40:34.599> losing<00:40:34.960> awareness<00:40:35.480> of<00:40:35.680> their<00:40:35.880> body<00:40:36.200> in<00:40:36.319> the<00:40:36.440> same<00:40:36.640> way<00:40:36.800> that<00:40:37.040> when<00:40:37.200> if<00:40:37.400> you

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and<00:40:37.640> I<00:40:37.760> went<00:40:37.880> to<00:40:38.000> the<00:40:38.119> operating<00:40:38.440> room<00:40:38.640> and<00:40:38.760> they<00:40:38.839> gave<00:40:39.000> us<00:40:39.119> a<00:40:39.240> drug<00:40:39.560> and<00:40:39.720> we<00:40:39.800> were<00:40:39.960> sort<00:40:40.119> of<00:40:40.359> phasing<00:40:40.760> out,<00:40:41.000> you<00:40:41.160> sort<00:40:41.319> of<00:40:42.040> they<00:40:42.200> describe<00:40:42.599> bodily<00:40:42.960> perceptions<00:40:43.520> like<00:40:43.680> nausea

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and<00:40:44.440> so<00:40:44.599> on<00:40:44.760> and<00:40:44.920> so<00:40:45.119> forth.<00:40:46.000> And<00:40:46.160> then<00:40:46.599> what<00:40:46.720> you<00:40:46.920> find<00:40:47.160> is<00:40:47.359> they<00:40:47.599> describe<00:40:48.400> things<00:40:48.680> like<00:40:48.880> geometric<00:40:49.480> shapes,<00:40:49.920> neon<00:40:50.400> lights,<00:40:51.400> they<00:40:51.560> describe<00:40:52.000> if<00:40:52.119> they<00:40:52.280> describe<00:40:52.640> seeing

00:40:52.960 --> 00:41:00.520
beings,<00:40:53.287> they're<00:40:53.615> usually<00:40:53.942> like<00:40:54.269> alien-type<00:40:54.596> beings<00:40:54.924> or<00:40:55.251> unusual<00:40:55.578> beings,<00:40:55.905> very<00:40:56.233> different<00:40:56.560> to<00:40:56.887> what<00:40:57.215> the<00:40:57.542> death<00:40:57.869> recall<00:40:58.196> experience<00:40:58.524> of<00:40:58.851> death<00:40:59.178> is.<00:40:59.505> What<00:40:59.833> you<00:41:00.160> also

00:41:00.520 --> 00:41:08.640
find<00:41:00.920> is<00:41:01.119> that<00:41:01.280> they<00:41:01.400> have<00:41:01.599> all<00:41:01.800> kinds<00:41:02.000> of<00:41:02.200> haphazard<00:41:02.640> things<00:41:03.280> like,<00:41:03.480> "I<00:41:03.599> saw<00:41:03.880> zombies,"<00:41:04.720> somebody<00:41:05.079> described<00:41:05.560> seeing<00:41:05.760> a<00:41:05.920> lighter,<00:41:06.400> somebody<00:41:06.800> described<00:41:07.240> a<00:41:07.359> 1940s<00:41:08.160> movie,

00:41:08.640 --> 00:41:14.640
and<00:41:08.720> these<00:41:08.839> are<00:41:08.960> all<00:41:09.160> published,<00:41:09.520> these<00:41:09.640> are<00:41:09.760> not<00:41:09.920> my<00:41:10.079> personal,<00:41:10.480> these<00:41:10.560> are<00:41:10.720> what<00:41:10.839> is<00:41:11.000> published<00:41:11.319> in<00:41:11.440> medical<00:41:12.160> literature.<00:41:13.160> And<00:41:13.359> then<00:41:13.520> what<00:41:13.640> you<00:41:13.800> find<00:41:14.040> is<00:41:14.160> that<00:41:14.359> if<00:41:14.520> they

00:41:14.640 --> 00:41:22.440
do<00:41:14.839> see<00:41:15.319> a<00:41:15.480> being<00:41:15.839> of<00:41:16.000> of<00:41:16.119> some<00:41:16.280> sort,<00:41:16.520> like<00:41:16.640> I<00:41:16.760> said,<00:41:17.079> it<00:41:17.240> it's<00:41:17.440> very<00:41:17.640> different,<00:41:17.960> it<00:41:18.079> might<00:41:18.240> be<00:41:18.440> humanoid,<00:41:19.000> it<00:41:19.119> might<00:41:19.280> have<00:41:19.480> different<00:41:19.800> eyes,<00:41:20.160> and<00:41:20.359> it's<00:41:20.560> really<00:41:21.560> things<00:41:22.240> they

00:41:22.440 --> 00:41:31.160
also<00:41:22.760> describe<00:41:23.280> things<00:41:23.640> like,<00:41:24.040> um,<00:41:24.920> um,<00:41:25.920> like<00:41:26.079> if<00:41:26.200> they<00:41:26.319> see<00:41:26.520> a<00:41:26.680> being<00:41:26.880> it<00:41:26.960> might<00:41:27.119> be<00:41:27.440> like<00:41:27.599> a<00:41:28.079> a<00:41:28.240> sensual<00:41:28.720> woman,<00:41:29.079> let's<00:41:29.280> say,<00:41:29.520> you<00:41:29.640> know,<00:41:30.520> or

00:41:31.160 --> 00:41:39.599
they<00:41:31.359> if<00:41:31.520> they<00:41:31.720> describe<00:41:32.160> going<00:41:32.359> to<00:41:32.560> a<00:41:33.160> place,<00:41:34.160> it's<00:41:34.400> often<00:41:34.720> described<00:41:35.160> as<00:41:35.359> being<00:41:35.640> something,<00:41:36.480> um,<00:41:37.480> that<00:41:38.280> is<00:41:38.920> again<00:41:39.240> somewhat

00:41:39.599 --> 00:41:47.359
like<00:41:39.839> being<00:41:40.240> in<00:41:40.319> a<00:41:40.480> sort<00:41:40.599> of<00:41:40.720> an<00:41:40.800> alien<00:41:41.240> space<00:41:41.599> or<00:41:41.760> some<00:41:41.960> other<00:41:42.480> planet<00:41:42.800> or<00:41:42.960> something<00:41:43.280> else<00:41:43.560> like<00:41:43.720> that.<00:41:44.000> So<00:41:44.200> my<00:41:44.359> point<00:41:44.599> is<00:41:45.319> that<00:41:45.520> they're<00:41:45.839> very<00:41:46.319> very<00:41:46.599> different,<00:41:47.079> and<00:41:47.240> and

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one<00:41:47.480> of<00:41:47.599> the<00:41:47.760> things<00:41:47.960> that's<00:41:48.160> really<00:41:48.400> remarkable,<00:41:49.000> not<00:41:49.119> only<00:41:49.319> are<00:41:49.480> these<00:41:49.680> completely<00:41:50.040> haphazard<00:41:50.400> because<00:41:50.839> the<00:41:51.040> death<00:41:51.319> experience<00:41:51.720> follows<00:41:52.000> a<00:41:52.160> very<00:41:52.359> clear<00:41:52.680> narrative

00:41:53.240 --> 00:42:01.560
arc:<00:41:53.611> it's<00:41:53.982> you<00:41:54.353> have<00:41:54.724> a<00:41:55.095> sense<00:41:55.465> of<00:41:55.836> separation<00:41:56.207> from<00:41:56.578> your<00:41:56.949> body,<00:41:57.320> liberation,<00:41:57.691> you<00:41:58.062> recognize<00:41:58.433> you've<00:41:58.804> died,<00:41:59.175> you<00:41:59.545> review<00:41:59.916> your<00:42:00.287> entire<00:42:00.658> life,<00:42:01.029> you<00:42:01.400> go

00:42:01.560 --> 00:42:07.839
to<00:42:01.720> a<00:42:01.920> place,<00:42:02.160> you<00:42:02.319> travel<00:42:02.640> to<00:42:02.800> a<00:42:02.960> place<00:42:03.119> that<00:42:03.280> feels<00:42:03.560> like<00:42:03.760> home.<00:42:04.560> You<00:42:04.720> are<00:42:04.960> in<00:42:05.160> this<00:42:05.359> place<00:42:05.560> that<00:42:05.680> feels<00:42:05.920> like<00:42:06.119> home,<00:42:06.359> and<00:42:06.520> by<00:42:06.680> home<00:42:06.839> I<00:42:06.920> mean<00:42:07.079> it's<00:42:07.240> somewhere<00:42:07.520> where<00:42:07.640> you

00:42:07.839 --> 00:42:14.119
belonged.<00:42:08.400> You<00:42:08.680> are<00:42:08.880> going<00:42:09.160> back<00:42:09.440> there,<00:42:10.160> and<00:42:10.280> then<00:42:10.400> you<00:42:10.520> have<00:42:10.640> a<00:42:10.800> sense<00:42:11.040> that<00:42:11.160> you're<00:42:11.359> told<00:42:11.640> you<00:42:11.760> have<00:42:11.880> to<00:42:12.000> come<00:42:12.240> back,<00:42:12.400> you<00:42:12.520> had<00:42:12.640> a<00:42:12.800> higher<00:42:13.160> purpose,<00:42:13.520> and<00:42:13.640> your<00:42:13.839> purpose

00:42:14.119 --> 00:42:20.640
seems<00:42:14.356> to<00:42:14.593> be<00:42:14.830> to<00:42:15.067> have<00:42:15.304> developed<00:42:15.541> your<00:42:15.779> humanity,<00:42:16.016> and<00:42:16.253> then<00:42:16.490> you<00:42:16.727> come<00:42:16.964> back.<00:42:17.201> This<00:42:17.438> is<00:42:17.675> the<00:42:17.912> arc,<00:42:18.149> and<00:42:18.386> there<00:42:18.623> are<00:42:18.860> many<00:42:19.098> sub-themes,<00:42:19.335> as<00:42:19.572> we<00:42:19.809> talked<00:42:20.046> about,<00:42:20.283> within<00:42:20.520> each

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of<00:42:21.034> those.<00:42:21.428> With<00:42:21.822> drug-induced<00:42:22.216> hallucinations<00:42:22.610> and<00:42:23.004> others,<00:42:23.398> they're<00:42:23.792> totally<00:42:24.186> haphazard<00:42:24.580> and<00:42:24.974> they're<00:42:25.368> very<00:42:25.762> very<00:42:26.156> different,<00:42:26.550> but<00:42:26.944> yet<00:42:27.338> some<00:42:27.732> people<00:42:28.126> claim<00:42:28.520> that

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they're<00:42:28.960> the<00:42:29.160> same,<00:42:29.760> and<00:42:29.880> the<00:42:30.000> reason<00:42:30.240> they<00:42:30.359> do<00:42:30.480> it<00:42:30.640> is<00:42:30.800> because,<00:42:31.119> yeah,<00:42:31.319> the<00:42:31.440> guy<00:42:31.599> who<00:42:31.680> took<00:42:31.880> a<00:42:32.000> drug<00:42:32.240> said,<00:42:32.440> "I<00:42:32.520> saw<00:42:32.720> a<00:42:32.960> being,"<00:42:33.960> but<00:42:34.079> when<00:42:34.200> you<00:42:34.319> get<00:42:34.480> into<00:42:34.680> the<00:42:34.839> details<00:42:35.319> they're

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totally<00:42:35.839> different.<00:42:36.119> And<00:42:36.280> actually,<00:42:36.480> to<00:42:36.680> address<00:42:37.000> this<00:42:37.200> question,<00:42:37.520> as<00:42:37.640> I<00:42:37.760> was<00:42:37.880> alluding<00:42:38.280> to,<00:42:39.079> we<00:42:39.240> worked<00:42:39.559> with<00:42:39.760> the<00:42:39.880> NYU<00:42:40.440> data<00:42:40.800> science<00:42:41.200> group,<00:42:41.839> um,<00:42:42.119> and<00:42:42.240> we<00:42:42.319> use<00:42:42.599> natural

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language<00:42:43.359> processing,<00:42:43.839> so<00:42:44.079> think<00:42:44.240> of<00:42:44.400> the<00:42:44.520> things<00:42:44.680> we<00:42:44.839> use<00:42:44.960> in<00:42:45.119> our<00:42:45.319> iPhones<00:42:45.800> and<00:42:46.440> Androids,<00:42:47.440> which<00:42:47.559> you<00:42:47.720> can,<00:42:48.240> if<00:42:48.359> you<00:42:48.520> give<00:42:48.720> enough<00:42:49.000> data,<00:42:49.680> it<00:42:49.839> can<00:42:50.160> interpret<00:42:50.640> what<00:42:50.760> people

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are<00:42:51.079> trying<00:42:51.359> to<00:42:51.559> say.<00:42:52.280> And<00:42:52.400> so<00:42:52.640> we<00:42:53.040> collected<00:42:53.599> thousands<00:42:54.040> of<00:42:54.200> people's<00:42:54.520> recalled<00:42:54.920> experiences<00:42:55.359> of<00:42:55.520> death,<00:42:56.000> thousands<00:42:56.480> of<00:42:56.640> dream<00:42:57.240> experiences,<00:42:57.720> and<00:42:57.960> thousands<00:42:58.280> of<00:42:58.400> drug

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induced<00:42:59.000> hallucinations,<00:42:59.720> and<00:42:59.839> we<00:42:59.960> put<00:43:00.119> it<00:43:00.280> into<00:43:00.520> this<00:43:00.720> mathematical<00:43:01.319> model.<00:43:02.040> I<00:43:02.119> didn't<00:43:02.359> do<00:43:02.520> it,<00:43:03.000> those<00:43:03.160> who<00:43:03.280> know<00:43:03.440> how<00:43:03.559> to<00:43:03.680> do<00:43:03.760> it<00:43:03.880> did<00:43:04.040> it,<00:43:04.680> but<00:43:04.800> it<00:43:04.960> came<00:43:05.240> back<00:43:05.480> with<00:43:05.880> 98%

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accuracy,<00:43:07.320> able<00:43:07.760> to<00:43:08.200> distinguish<00:43:08.640> between<00:43:09.080> a<00:43:09.520> recalled<00:43:09.960> experience<00:43:10.400> of<00:43:10.840> death<00:43:11.280> from<00:43:11.720> ordinary<00:43:12.160> experiences,<00:43:12.600> from<00:43:13.040> dreams,<00:43:13.480> and<00:43:13.920> psychedelic<00:43:14.360> drug-induced<00:43:14.800> experiences.

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So<00:43:15.960> the<00:43:16.119> key<00:43:16.280> thing<00:43:16.400> to<00:43:16.599> appreciate<00:43:17.040> is<00:43:17.160> that<00:43:17.599> despite<00:43:17.960> what<00:43:18.119> people<00:43:18.400> may<00:43:18.599> say,<00:43:19.040> if<00:43:19.119> you<00:43:19.280> get<00:43:19.440> into<00:43:19.680> the<00:43:19.839> details,<00:43:20.240> the<00:43:20.359> experiences<00:43:20.800> are<00:43:20.960> fundamentally<00:43:21.800> and<00:43:22.079> totally

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different.<00:43:25.280> We<00:43:25.400> could<00:43:25.599> go<00:43:25.760> on,<00:43:26.520> uh,<00:43:26.760> but<00:43:27.160> we<00:43:27.280> don't<00:43:27.520> have<00:43:27.680> more<00:43:27.880> time.<00:43:28.160> So<00:43:28.440> thank<00:43:28.599> you,<00:43:29.160> thanks<00:43:29.440> to<00:43:29.599> Sam<00:43:29.960> Parnia,<00:43:30.319> and<00:43:30.480> thank<00:43:30.640> you<00:43:30.760> to<00:43:30.960> our<00:43:31.160> wonderful<00:43:31.559> audience.

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[Music]